芒果大象国产
崔佳东 57304万字 65890人读过 连载
野 山 清 凉 2009年 6月26日至6月28日，我们一行六人在向导蔡胜民的协作下，完成大别山霍山龙井河1号线局部、广家河2号线全程和狼牙谷3号线大半程的徒步穿越，观瀑嬉水。 喜欢行走，是因为心向林泉。如果你的骨子里刻满了随性与浪漫，那这个世界就无所谓城市与荒原。 2009.6.26，凌晨四点，我们一行六人驱车来到大别山堆谷山村。小憩两个小时，醒来就开始摘向导老蔡家的桃子充饥。 我和老蔡商量了一下行程，酷暑难耐，此行主要去水区。略去1号线无瀑布的地区，必要走完2号线，也就是强度难度最大的广家河瀑布区，3号线主要安排腐败项目。上图红线部分就是广家河线，线路内有11道瀑布，依次为玲珑瀑、贴心瀑、老虎夹瀑、珍珠瀑、万字瀑、彩虹瀑、三道崖瀑、黄崖瀑、飞天瀑、美女献秘瀑和老牛撒尿瀑。返程途经神龙首瀑和龙王樽瀑，再插入1号线看鲤鱼跳龙门瀑，经24道弯回堆谷山村。蓝线是3号线，狼牙谷线，相对强度较低，适宜嬉水。([]
最新章节： 第521章 斗战狂潮3 （ 2024-06-02 00:54:16）
更新时间： 2024-06-01 22:28:54
- 第1章 鲁迅英超
- 第2章 别克
- 第3章 急速逃脱
- 第4章 勒芒24小时耐力赛
- 第5章 魔兽世界奔驰
- 第6章 剑灵
- 第7章 魏大勋
- 第8章 海贼王
- 第9章 911事件17周年
- 第10章 牧马人
- 第11章 奥特曼
- 第12章 全职高手
- 第13章 赘婿
- 第14章 三国演义
- 第15章 天官赐福
- 第16章 沉睡魔咒2
- 第17章 非诚勿扰火影忍者
- 第18章 全职高手4
- 第19章 保时捷
- 第20章 甄嬛传
- 点击查看 中间隐藏的 76093 章节
- 第549章 遮天3
- 第550章 天龙八部
- 第551章 汇源果汁或将退市
- 第552章 生僻字
- 第553章 CUBA全明星
- 第554章 天天向上
- 第555章 荒野行动
- 第556章 武炼巅峰
- 第557章 梦幻西游
- 第558章 造梦西游3
- 第559章 逆天邪神
- 第560章 该忘了
- 第561章 红旗
- 第562章 鹤唳华亭
- 第563章 急速逃脱
- 第564章 西安事变
- 第565章 小区内立祖先墓碑
- 第566章 澳大利亚射杀骆驼
- 第567章 从前有座灵剑山
- 第568章 东方神起成员恋情
欧美一区＝区三区四区
汪坚人Northern Wilderness, Solo Traverse of the Great Chang TangMr YANG Liusong, a Chinese who just finished the first solo traverse over Chang Tang by cycling from west to east in recorded human history, shared his stunning Expedition with all of us through the forum 8264 https//bbs.8264.com/thread-512349-1-1.html . In order to share his legendary journey with those who cannot read Chinese, I translate his story to English here, which has been approved by Mr YANG Liusong. Hope you guys enjoy it.为了让杨同学的传奇能让全世界的驴友分享，俺决定把杨同学的帖子翻译成英文。为了避免麻烦，俺先来个免责声明：1。杨同学不认识俺，也没有授权俺，如果他说不要翻译了那俺就随时终止；2。俺没有商业目的，译版版权归杨同学，俺啥也不要，也不承担法律责任；3。没有杨同学授权，不敢擅自发在国外网站，发在原帖处，荣誉归8264；4。俺英语水平有限，欢迎指正，欢迎转贴。 Northern Wilderness, Solo Traverse of the Great Chang TangBy Yang LiusongIt has been three months since I traversed the unpopulated region in the Great Chang Tang. There are many like-minded asking me about it. I now present this thread to briefly tell everybody about my journey.The starting point of this traverse was from the highest peak of the western part of the Tibetan plateau, Jieshan Daban, and the day was April 20, 2010.I was heading eastward passing Bungdag Co, Yanghu Co, Rola Co, and Kangzhagri Mountain, which crossed over the desolate region from west to east. The journey continued northward to enter the unpopulated area of Altun Mountains, through Hoh Xil Mountains, Kunlun Mountains, Whale lake, ..., finally met some people by the Aqqikkol Hu and then arrived in Huatugou by vehicle three days later and that day was July 5. It had been 77 days in total. I had been all alone 74 days after leaving Jieshan Daban until arriving inAqqikkol Hu, which was about 1400km and about four months.[The Great Chang Tang] In Tibetan, "Chang Tang" means northern empty wilderness while narrowly, means unpopulated region in northern part of Tibet. However, it actually indiCATes all of the no man's land in northern. The great Chang Tang includes desolate places in Northern Tibet, Hoh Xil, Alun Mountains, and Kunlun Mountains, which are interconnected to form the unique and super empty wilderness in the world. Only because Hoh Xil is the most known name, most people just think this vast land is equivalent to Hoh Xil. In reality, Hoh Xil is only a small piece of the Great Chang Tang both administratively and geologically. The Great Chang Tang, the last land to chase your freedom and dream.The route that I traversed ForeplayI arrived in Tibet in the early March, a couple of troubles bothered me. The brand new plug got its positive and negative wrongly connected; the rivets of my rucksack eASIly got broken from now and again; and a multi-functional charger got damaged and so on. Riding my bike to Ngari for warming up of this journey, lost my rucksack but later got it back; lost my camera bag and got it back later again, and finally lost a big bicycle pannier in the street of Gyangze town under the eyes of police, including clothes, solar panel and so on.Without much choice, I returned to Lhasa to adjust all the stuff I would need in the wilderness. Then I begged some luck by going to Nyingchi to enjoy the blossoms of peach trees and to take a hot spring bath. I even had the privilege to enjoy time with ten girls in the hot spring. I felt my bad luck had all gone and then returned to Lhasa again to prepare going to Ngari. I did not expect that I was cheated on by some hustler and lost some money and delayed my schedule for a week. I had to find a car myself quickly to Nagri. However, I lost the tool for fast-parting my rear wheel on my way to Nagri, where was a remote area in Tibet and nowhere to buy the tool. Even if there was one in Lhasa it would take at least ten days for a special delivery service. I was lucky that my mate Duola asked a driver to bring the tool for me from Lhasa. I thought there should be no more nightmare like this but the nozzle of my brand new multi-fuel stove was broken. The next day I tried everywhere to weld them back together. The first three shops could not do the welding for copper. The fourth one said they could do it but could not guarantee a sUCCess. The engineer said it would be ten Chinese yuans if it was a success. I agreed. Just in seconds, my nozzle became crap in a flash of lightening. I was so upset. Again, Duola helped me by bringing her own MSR oil stove and Dingding's sleeping bag to Nagri. That was already April 16 and I did not have much time to waste. The following day I found a vehicle heading to Jieshan Daban.The sand storm over Yarlung Zangbo RiverA lonely peach tree blossoming in Yarlung Zangbo Grand CanyonNatural hot spring in wild, me singing and drinking (photo by a friend of mine) Day 1(April 20), 16km, Camping 5192mIt was a truck with a full load of iron wastes, arriving in Jieshan Daban at 6'o clock in the morning. It was still night and extremely cold and dark. Driver was not bothered to pop his head out of the driving cab. I climbed up on the top of the iron wastes, taking my bicycle down. In a hurry, I punched my old water bag. Fortunately I had another MSR water bag given by a friend of mine otherwise I would definitely fail without even starting my journey. For the first time for me to set up the brand new tent in strong, cold winds. It would be impossible to do so if the tent was not a whole piece. Extremely cold outside, about -15C, might be lower than that, I put my head into the sleeping bag but was nearly suffocated to death, honestly. The smell of Dingding's sleeping bag was, lol, so extraordinary. I woke up around 11 o'clock. There were still strong winds outside so that I had to use my bodyweight to keep the tent in place. At the time when I just started to cook and eat, four patrolling soldiers approached me. To their surprise someone, in this season, camped in Jieshan Daban. I was so nervous and afraid they were the people to block my journey because I was caught and deported from the desolate land last year. Luckily the four soldiers did not know my destination and were very kind to me. After they left, I immediately packed my stuff and pushed my bike into the depths of the unpopulated area just in case anything unexpected happened.The bike was very heavy due to the provisions and hard to control. There was even a quite small hill that I had to remove my bike panniers to get over it. This really struck me because this happened even the path was still the hardship one at the moment and I could not imagine what I would do once I entered the uncertain, endless wilderness. Until now I had not met anyone, even the nomadic pastoralists. I remembered there were quite a few of them roaming at the edge of the northern Tibetan plateau last year. All of these indicated it was not the good pasture season in such low temperature and strong winds. Around 16km there was a sheep cote, where I passed it last year, east of Lungmu Co. I was exhausted at this point so that I decided to camp in here and to rest my head. After arranging tent everything I went out to look for the wetland discovered by Duola and Liumeng last year. I was determined to find it.There were many hot springs in the wetland which were underground water with a constant temperature. The wetland therefore became an ideal habitat for some fishes and weeds under such harsh weather, which was the very unique land feature of terrain in this over 5200m highland.Perpetual snow in the valley blown to corn shape by strong windsThis wetland was discovered by Duola and Liumeng. The workers at a nearby mine did not know it and I too missed it last yearUnderground water with a constant temperature, an ideal habitat for some fishes and weeds under such icy weather 感谢大伙儿支持和加分，不一一回复了。特别感谢多啦，希望能有机会一起喝酒吃肉。 Day 2 (April 21), 0km, Camping5192mBlustering gale all night, up and down like ocean waves. The next day rather than continuing to travel, I stayed inside the sheep cote, hesitating and pondering over. Indeed, there were so many problems before this journey;I did not have sufficient physical preparation;the load had already reached its limitation; I still coughed a lot;the weather was so extreme and cold. All in all, I did not think this journey was well prepared and I did not have confidence in completing this journey mentally and physically. To do, or not to do, it was the question. Similarly I did not have confidence in my facilities, not knowing whether all of them would work functionally or not. The fact was one of the rivets got broken again and the front rack came loose. In the afternoon, I replaced all the rivets of the panniers with screws I had prepared before. This was an excellent job I had done which gave me no further troubles throughout my whole journey. I also re-adjusted the front rack. However I did not think it would definitely all right because I did not have a tool to do it. When the darkness descended,I made up my mind to continue my journey, which, of course, was not beyond any imagination. Orchid-like weedsSmall springs everywhere, clear and chillyA thin layer of ice covering the fresh spring water The sheep cote, it was the door under the sleeping bag, which was in the same place as last year, everything looked like yesterdayThe wetland at duskLungmu Co at dusk. You could hear the gigantic sound of wind if the picture had a sound Day 3 (April 22), 52.4km, Camping 5145mGot up in the morning, could not put everything into the bags. Without much choice I had to throw away three portions of tsampa, elbow pads, and crampons. Following the road of the lead-zinicmine I found the side path to enter the wilderness, which was on the riverbed and very hard to see. I missed this side path last year so that I had to take a short cut into the wilderness directly then. That was why I had taken extra care to find the side path. The following journey was to get over a big hill, which lay 5275m above sea level and was the highest point of my whole journey. Around 2 o'clock in the afternoon, I passed the side path leading to Orba Co and started a journey which was complete strange to me. I ate a piece of pilot breads, which was frozen like rocks so that I had to use my spade to crush it. At 6 o'clock in the evening, I had pushed plus rode my bicycle for about 32 km. I reckoned I should have been able to double this if I did no carry such heavy load. The wind became stronger and stronger. I opened the parasail kits and tested it. The result was far beyond what I expected. With the aid of the strong wind I was just like flying over the wilderness. After 8 o'clock in the evening, I started to observe the water Source and to get ready to camp. Map showed there were successive springs along the path and assembled to puddles. But I had overestimated the water source here in this land and in this season there were endless wilderness inside the valley, where I could not see a single drop of water. As it became darker and darker, I felt a little bit nervous which resulted in three spokes of the parasail broken and became a useless rubbish. Anyway, it helped me to move forward 20km more which benefited me a lot later on. When time approached 9.30 pm, it was almost completely dark. I had to lie my bike on the ground and went on to try to find water on the north side of the valley. This was a wide and flat sandy land, where I could not see any ditches there and further was complete darkness. I returned to get my GPS to look up the contours and found the south part of the valley was closer to a hill so I took the way. Finally I found a piece of ice in a ditch. I smashed about 20litre of ice. The ice was quite shallow scattered with sheep poo. On my way back, my eyes were hurt by strong winds, which got me a couple of days to recover. It was nearly 23 o'clock after I set up the tent. It also took about 40 mins to melt the ice. I was so tired and my appetite was completely spoiled. I then had a little bit of milk. I had never expected thing would go like this, it was so distressing. Streams along the path, ice everywhereThe river flew into Matou Hu, in whose north part there was a satellite lake, a wonderful ice-skating court It took 40mins to melt the ice in midnight Day 4 (April 23), 31km, Camping 5028mA cloudy day with gusts. From now and again, hails chased me from behind. Sunny spell. Heavy sandy land made me have to push my bike. At 3pm, I arrived at Luxing Hu, where there was a house made of clay. This was the last permanent building of my journey. Last year, Duola and Liumeng once lived in this house for three days without meeting anybody. It seemed it was the same but the truck parking in front of the house made me worry about. I went to the sheep cote first to check over, where there were only a few lambs following me everywhere I went later on. This made me feel warm in my heart. I observed farther places using my binoculars but could not see any people or sheeps. After making sure there were no people around I opened the locked door using a screwdriver. The living room was very clean. There were two boxes of beverages on the ground and a string of cured lamb legs hanging over in the interior room. A pot of water was on the top of the stove, lukewarm, which indicated the host must be not far away from his home. I filled up my water bag and left the house. I also put the screws back to the door in order not to leave any trace of my visiting. I then took a spanner from the toolbox of the truck, which gave me great help for the rest of the journey.I left the house as quickly as possible. After last year's experience, the nomadic pastoralists were the last people I wanted to meet. A few hundred meters away from the house, the vehicle traces were fading fast. Even downhill, I had to push rather than to ride because of the heavy loose sand. From the route point of view, only after Luxing Hu it was the real unpopulated land. After many days, I thought of the lamb legs from time to time. It was pity that I then had plenty of provisions and the bike was too heavy to carry anything more. Continue to melt the ice under the morning sunshine, all of the sheep poo had been removed carefullyCamping site, the little hill over there was the place where I got the ice last nightThe house by the Luxing Hu, empty, the last permanent building I saw throughout my journeyDay 5 (April 24), 19.8km, Camping 4951mSet off at 10.30 in the morning, the weather was similar to yesterday. Probably this road was the high plain or somewhere the wind passed so that it was so windy. The average wind speed was degree 6 but could reach degree 9 in the blick of an eye. The road was still full of sand and very heavy to walk on it. My eyes became worse under such harsh weather. About three o'clock in the afternoon, I saw something in my right, looked like antenna. I went closer to see what it was and found out it was an iron tower (the triangulation station). In 1970s, a joint team from Chinese three military regiments entered this area doing research. They have left a lot of triangulation stations and benchmarks, which I had the priviledge to see them today.At dusk, I approached to a spring by the Bungdag Co, which flew into the frozon lake. The sand and soil, brought by the strong wind, scattered on the surface of the ice all over the lake. There were so many cracks around the icey surface of the lake. I geussed it must be caused by the springs under the water rather than by melted ice. In the west of the Bungdag Co was the side path leading to Keriya Pass, where a SUV could reach directly. I had looked out any vehicle Tracks but failed. The cloudy sky started to snow. I set up the tent comfortably because I knew that I was safe having such a sweet spring beside me.Triangulation station erected by scientists from the joint research team on Chang Tang of three military regiments in 1971[size=+0]The gap between water and ice in Bungdag Co, I guessed there must be some springs under the lakeThe storm just above the ground, a chaotic darkness[size=+0]Icy Bungdag Co,one of the four biggest lakes in Northern Tibet, wild ducks flying over this vastness and lonenessSnowing at any time, should not happen so frequently like this in this seasonDay 6 (April 25), 4.3km, Camping 5002mWeathering landforms everywhere around this area. Spongy volcanic rocks could be found easily. I pushed my bike turning around a small hill, seeing a big river, the Yinshui He, flowing from Orba Co into Bungdag Co, which I had been to its upstream last year. It was also a passage for animal migration. The downstream of the river was extremely wide and broad. The thickess of the ice layer could reach one meter with the main stem in the middle course of the river, very deep. There were a few springs along the river, sweet and clear.I only went forward a little bit more than 4km but I had walked more than 20km for finding my way. It was not possible to cross the main stem, let alone the north bank of Bungdad Co. What I could only do was to try to find a shallow place to cross. But the southern area was a even larger piece of wetland and forced the road turn towards west. I spent a couple of hours but failed to find a good point to cross the river. In the afternoon, I decided to follow the edge of the wetland. When I reached the hill foot, the wetland finally disappeared. Around this area, there were clearly volcanic feature of terrain and I even found traces of pasturing and cairns made from volcanic rock.Here was the last pasturing trace I found throughout my journey, I guessed it was a summer pasture area. After this, there was no clear sign of human activities in this vast wilderness. I had been looking for my ways until it was dark. I made up my mind where to go TOMOrrow. The terrain here looked like Yardang landforms, as well as volcanic landforms The Yinshui He river from Orba CoSprings scattered all over the river bank, painted green by lovely algaeThe river was very deep. The mixture of green and amber colour showed the sand and mud carried by the melted iceThick layer of ice, sunken surface caused by strong gustsThe south course of the Yinshui He, countless small streams. To the right was the wetlandLooking for ways in the east, a trace of pasturing and the cairn made from spongy volcanic rocksMy camp, opposite to the hillDay 7 (April 26), 11km, Camping 5009mI moved forward to the direction I found yesterday, turning around the wetland and walking toward east. At 2pm, I was blocked by the zigzag Yinshui He again and I had no choice but to cross it. The river was about 700m wide, covered by ice which appeared very different. The hanging ice, the folding ice, the piling-up ice, the icy puddle, and the sleet were everywhere along the river bank. Having noticed all of these, I reckoned the river would be receding at dusk, which was why there were so many different shapes and forms of ice. I put my slipper on, going into the main stream of the river. I found there were at least three different courses of the river, the thickness of the surface ice varied and the river water reached above my knees. I sighed there would be no way back once I crossed this river. There are many ways in one's life too, you can only take it once and you will no long have the courage to repeat it.I pushed the bike crossing the river. Some of the ice was a bit soft, jamming the tyres so that I had to use my feet to break them first. Some of the ice was a bit thick but with half-melted underneath, sticking the the bike completely, some of the ice was half-water half-ice with a sandy riverbed, which was really hard to pass. I had to remove all of the panniers at the last stage of the crossing. I spent the whole four hours to cross the river, my legs got many bloody cuts. At 6pm, the surface ice was almost disappeared completely, the river level rapidly rising to a chaotic status. I thought if I hesitated a little bit at that time, I could not have the courage to cross this river under such circumstances. The river bank was unimaginably sandy and was quite steep. I had to unloaded the panniers again to reach the top of the bank. By the time of sunset, the weather became exceptionally good. The sunlight from the descending sun, the blue sky, the faint moon, .... I liked such a colorful and peaceful Chang Tang and very much enjoyed my camp and myself bathed in such beautiful colour.The ice like this was very thin and suspended, far away from the main stemHard surface with half-melted underneath, the soft sand at the botton was most scaryThe ice like this could easily jam the wheels, hard to get it outI had to unload the panniersChaotic water and terrible hails turned up in no timeThe Chang Tang at the moment liked it used to be,a mixture of cold and warm tones under the golden setting sun Day 8 (April 27), 14.6km, Camping 5112mLast night, I forgot to bring in the odometer, which was out of order due to the coldness in midnight. Since then I used GPS to check the mileage. The digital thermometer was no longer working. I had to use mercury thermometer to collect data. Night temperatures were basically between –15℃—–20℃ while the temperature inside my tent was about –10℃. The advantage of the integrated tent was that it limited the ventilation so to keep warm inside. However, it got clearly disadvantage of heavy condensation and dew. Every morning, there was plenty of frost inside the tent so that I had to put my hood on First Before fully getting dressed. The winds in Chang Tang finally became consistent with the pattern I had researched the other day no or very tiny wind in the morning, strong wind started after 2pm, and then at around 8pm its strength was reduced again. The accuracy of this prediction was about 80%.The road was very bad today. I walked whole afternoon in an ancient riverbed and it was so difficult that I had to use all of my strengths to move a small step forward and then to stop to breath, slower than a snail. After five hours' struggling, my eyes got wet when I saw the grassy river bank. Finally! The nightmare was over.Cold and clear morningHeavy morning condensation in the interior, a lot of frost to clearSuch dawning sunlight indicated a cloudy day ahead Day 9 (April 28), 18km, 5072mIn the morning I entered a range of sandy roads which were so terrible. The solar panel specially designed for GPS got short circuited. After checking it was found to be the diode got damaged. Luckily I got a replacement. Because the GPS was exclusively supplied by a solar panel so that it was no longer a problem for the power supplement of GPS. In a period of 70 days, I did replace the battery once, which saved me a lot of alkaline batteries. I did have another solar panel of 5.4 W which was used specifically for 7.5V Camera, DV and other digital facilities. Unlike water, I had never been short of power.At 7pm in the evening, I arrived at Pur Co. The surface of this lake was very odd the ice by the river bank rose and the river bank was broken, I reckoned that was due to the strong winds. The ice there was mingled with something yellow, could be the stain of alkali. There were many wild yaks on the other side of the lake. There could be two brown bears but I could not be for certain. On the east side of the lake, there was a peninsula leading to the centre of the lake. I camped just opposite to the peninsula. At night , I smashed the ice to get drinking water, which tasted alkali. For the first time I cooked the cereals, which was brought completely by accident. This was just because I found there was a little bit of extra space when I was in Nagri packing the stuff for this journey so that I bought two packs of cereals. It tasted disgusting, probably there was too much alkali in the water. I threw away half of it. Later I realised that probably I subconsciously felt that the provisions was so heavy. I would rather make it lighter at any cost.Dry all my stuff in the morning sun, a routine matterA faint dusk in Pur CoThe river bank pushed up by ice and opened like zipper by gustsThe pushed up surface of the iceThe place where I got my drinking water, a thin layer of ice behind the ablation corns The moment just before sun set, glittering Pur Co, nothing was the same差点儿没找到俺自己的帖子，原来变色了。多谢各位鼓励。 Day 10 (April 29), 16km, Camping 5141mIn the morning, I walked around the north bank of the Pur Co， where it were continuous ups and downs sprinkled with light yellow sprouts across the sparse grassland. The wild yaks clustered into small groups. All of a sudden, there was a group of five of them running towards me, blowing a huge cloud of dust with the power of thunderbolts,I believed that anyone who did not know the characters of the wild yaks must be frightened to death under such circumstances. The fact was the wild yaks in groups never injured people. Rushing to you just to show you its territory. When they approached people at certain distance, they would turn sharply and run away, and then stopped somewhere high to stare at you. You can not imagine that the wild yaks were very cautious animals compared with its almost one ton of weight. Their first reaction, when meeting people, was to raise their tails, the front hooves rubbing against the ground, the horns pointing forward, the eyes redden, and the long body hair shaking, all of which showed their determination to fight.This was the warning sign that you should retreat. However, you should realise that this was only a gesture that they were afraid of you and wanted to scare you away. The thing was that if you were not afraid of them and moved forward, they would run away in no time. There were only some mad yaks attacking people, which was really rare to happen. In Chang Tang, an experienced driver know that it is very dangerous to pass directly from two or three lonely wild yaks. They always tried to avoid confronting them directly. If this was not possible, they would lit a cigarette, smoking, to wait until the yaks walked away themselves. This was because the wild yaks really could attack vehicles, which was not completely rumors. I once asked them why I had not been attacked. They told me that because my bike was so small they would not be bothered to attack it. My own experience was that approaching a wild yak very slowly, do not look into its eyes, and ignored what it was doing. As long as it moved forward a little bit, just stop and give the yaks a little bit of time to think. Because if you forced the yak, it could be themost dangerous animal in the world and nothing could stop them killing. Even a gunshot could not kill it but only left a small hole in its skin. In the past, the nomads living near this land would use yaks' skin as chopping board which was very much endurable. At noon, I lost my balacLAVA, which was brand new and I had never used it once. I could not be bothered to go back tofind it. This resulted in that I had to have my fleece hat day and night in the rest of my journey, which did not provide fully protection from the sun in the plateau. But somehow I was all right, perhaps because my skin is similar to those of yaks, lol. At around half past one, I found a deserted Jeep, upside down. I felt it could be there for years and it could be the vehicle of someillegal HUNTERs. Nowadays, we have wildlife conservation reserves in Chang Tang and the animals here are well protected. However, some people kills the wild yaks to sell them as the domestic yak's meat. In general, it is worth 10,000 Chinese yuans for a single wild yak. Therefore many people take the risk to make money. They often enter the unpopulated areas to hunt and their activities can reach 200 km in diameter. This is why the wild yaks in the deep wilderness are less afraid of people than thoseat the boundaries of the Chang Tang region.There once happened that a wild yak mother revenged its baby's murder in the Altun mountains. Its horns pierced the killer's chest and held his body over its head for more than ten days, which was very touching.Around 3pm, I walked out of the Pur basin. The next point was Hong Shan Daban and then it was the Yueya Hu by the Toze Gangri. At this time I found a vehicle track from south to north. I checked over but could not find the way where they had gone. I took my map, GPS, and compass, climbing up a small hill to estimate the location of Hong Shan Daban. The mountain was very round and it was hard to find the mountain pass. After determining the location of the Daban, I moved straightforward. When I passed a messy grassland, I saw something that I was reluctant to see more than hundreds of wild yaks' head scattered all over, which was definitely the scene of the illegal hunting. After that it was a very long ancient river bed with soft sand slowly rising until the foot of the mountain.There are some spines on the surface of the tongues of wild yaks, which are used by nomads in this area as combs. They use them from their teens to the time when their hair becomes silver.The deserted Jeep, could be left by illegal hunters years agoThe slaughtered wild yaks with the wheel size heads. Some of the skulls were chopped into half. Why was that? Could be taken away for making combs?My camp at the foot of the Daban underthe lingering golden rays of the setting sun. Tomorrow's weather must be wonderful, I reckoned Day 11(April 30)， 20.4km, Camping 5120mThe surface of the road leading to Hong Shan Daban was very hard, most of them were small rocks, sort of gravels, plus a quite long downhill slope, I pushed my bike more than 20km for the first time after Luxing Hu. The mountain pass was quite flat, just like a broad ridge, it was 5256m above the sea level. Upon arriving at the pass, Toze Gangri of 6356m was in my sight clearly, very much round and there was no back bone like normal snow covered mountains. Most of the snow mountains in Chang Tang looked like this probably it was due to the geological movements. There were quite a few chirus or Tibetan antelopes in the valley but I was not interested in this kind of animals anymore after I witnessed a large scale of migration of such animals last year elsewhere.The herbivorous animals here are very quick to reach its original size of the population, such as wild yaks, chirus, Tibetan gazelle, pika, and marmot. When you go into the depths of the Chang Tang, you could hardly be surpised by the sudden appearance of the chirus because they are so common in here. At this time of year, the chirus have already male-female parted. You could see many pregnant female chirus but hardly see any males. According to recent research, Zonag Co is not the only lake for breeding. There are at least four of them in the whole Chang Tang. Zonag Co, Tuzi Hu, Heishi Beihu, and another lake I can not remember. I think there must be more than four of them and most of the populations do not migrant long way like most people used to think. They generally migrant from south to north between Central Mountains and Kunlun Mountains.The chirus looks very timid but are very curious about outside world. They are not really afraid of people, particularly in the depth of the Chang Tang. The nearest distance we can approach is about 30m. They just stare at you calmly and think who you are and why you move so slow. They would run in front of you. Look like they are afraid of you but the fact is they are playing with you. A man's own character shapes his fortune. This is of course suit for animals too. The chirus are the typical one. They have a super speed and a pair of sharp antlers. If they are crazy, three of them work together could easily kill a wolf. But as you might have known, their antlers are just for fighting to mate with females.Down the Daban there was a very steep and straight road, I tried to ride the bicycle but ended up with falling over. The front rack came loose and one of the pannier flew into valley. The foot of the mountain was the Yueya Hu covered by ice, which was alake full of heavy metal elements. Along the lake bank there were many stark rocks very much weathered, lining up just like castles or houses. This made me stop to investigate what they were from time to time, I did understand they were just rocks though but they were so real like the figures of real people. On of them even made me hide in a ditch, observing them again and again using my binoculars. There were also many black volcanic rocks. All in all, the features of this area were really unusual.Passed over the Yueya Hu, it was an endless ancient lake bed. What my GPS showed was this area was a big lake like tentacles. I looked around, it was endless wilderness without a piece of ice and a drop of water. Roughly, I estimated this lake bed was about 1200 square meters. I had to tell you that Chang Tang was a place where there was no high-resolution map. The marks in the map often were some kind of memory. Just like this ancient lake bed under my feet, may be it was full of water a few years ago. Who knows. Pushing the bike in such an endless lake bed was very easy to get lost. My mind was in a chaotic status too.The migration of the animals, photo taken last year The road rising up to the Daban, full of gravels, very hard, ideal for pushing your bikeThe Yueya Hu gazed at by the round and smooth Toze Gangri. At a glimpse, could you tell which was mountain, which was cloud?Ancient lake bed. The white stains were the alkali, look like ice. About wildlife (part 1)Declaration Personal experience for reference onlyDangerous wild animals and their threats to human beings are a ever-LASTING subject for those backpackers travelling in the wild.In Chang Tang, for example, there are two kinds of deadly animals, one is wolves and the other is brawn bears. As substitutes, wild yaks and crows might be dangerous to you in some circumstances that I will come back to this a little bit later on. As for how to protect yourself against these dangerous animals, I think the primary point is you do not try to hurt them because the emotions of human and animals are same instinctively. [Wolves]Throughout my journey, I met wolves a total of seven times, in which I confronted them five times. As you might have known that wolves have become more and more solitary animals, it is very rare they live in a large group nowadays. Please allow me off the point a little bit and talk about the ecological problems in Chang Tang. The problem is now not the decrease of the number of the chirus but the imbalance of the whole food chain, more specifically, the number of the animals on the higher trophic levels of the food chain has not yet reached its ideal level which results in this kind of imbalance. Particularly, the pikas and the marmots who have lost their predators rapidly expanse which results in the desertification of Chang Tang. As early as the middle of last century, wolves were the dominant predators in the vast wilderness. They became a threat not only to other preys but also nomads pasturing in this land. Therefore, the then government called on people to cull back the population of the wolves in Chang Tang, which resulted in the current situation directly. The last official record about wolves attacking humans was around 1970s, which happened in Bamaoqiongzong. A team of secientists was surrounded by a group of wolves and they had to shoot them using guns. Of course, at present in Chang Tang, wolves are absolutely lonely.In this traverse, the first time I encountered a pair of wolves, one of them staying in front of me pretending to attack me while the other staying behind me. This is the standard attacking strategy of wolves. First, you should not be nervous which can be easily detected by the predators. Second, you should not retreat even an inch because this means you are the prey rather than the predator. Do not make any large movement, of course you could take a picture if you feel safe to do so. You must look into its eyes for a few minutes or even half an hour. When the wolves can not work out who you are and consider you are not posing any danger to them, then they will leave. You should remember that wolves in this land do not lack of food and it is much easy for them to catch a pika than a human. Even if being hungry, they would evaluate how easy to get you done, What you need to do is to show them that you are not interested in them and you are not afraid of them at all, let alone to show your ID card to them. As for the wolves family, really, I have not heard for ages. If you really have an encounter with them and they have no other choice, then it definitely depends on your forture. In fact, for so many year, it has been very rare to happen that wolves kill human. But the rumours are still there, in particular, the road connecting Xinjiang and Tibet.The nearest encounter with a wolf throughout my journey, no conflict at all[Brown Bears]Brown bears are real dangerous animals to human. Every year there are some accidents happened in some regions of Xinjiang on the north side of Kunkun Mountains and steppes in Northern Tibet. More than that the bears could attack your house, smash your windows, and eat your sheep. Therefore, in Northern Tibet some local councils give subsidies to the pastorarists for compensating the losses due to the bears because they are not allow to fight back and kill the bears except their lives are in great danger. Once there was a nomad taught me a method to protect yourself from bears. He told me to pick up a stick to feed the bear and the bear thinks the stick is your hand which tastes disgusting. So the bear would leave. It was so funny but the reality is to find a stick in this vast wilderness is just like you win the lottery.Bears are omonivorous animal who are generally not interested in human flesh. You can find that in most of accidents, the bears did not eat any of the human flesh rather they just smashed them for kind of fun that we could not understand. For the reason why bears kill human, one explanation is the conflict between human and wildlife in this extreme ecological environment. The nomads invade the habitats of the bears, which results in these conflicts. On the other hand, it might be because bears have quite high IQ so that they think it is much easy to kill a sheep in the cote rather than to kill a pika in the wild.I have met bears five times in my traverse, in two cases we were very close to each other. I had even walked with one of them for quite a while, just like we had a date for a walk. The fact is it is not that terrible like you might imagine. The same rules for dealing with wolves apply to bears. Never provoke dangerous animals. A bear can run at a speed of 40km/h, do you think you can compete this in a highland 5,000m above sea level?However, there is a situation where it is really dangerous, that is the encounter. It is not easy to control your instinctive reaction to the external dangers. Last year once I turned around a hill, there was a bear just in front of me. The bear of course was frightened by me with its front legs holding up, waving in the air and roaring. At that time I sat on the ground, ignoring it. The bear then left in a few minutes. Chang Tang is a vast land so that this is not that easy to happen. But if it does happen, really only God can bless you.The nearest encounter with a bear throughout my journey. This bear disappeared in a herd of wild yaks, which I had tried hard to spot, really weird About wildlife (part 2)Declaration personal experience for reference only.[Wild Yaks]I have talked about quite a few, like in the post of Day10. I will no longer talk about it.This was the funniest encounter with a solitary wild yak, who did not warn me. If I sat down, it sat down too. If I moved forward, it stopped. Could not imagine what it was thinking about.[Crows]Crows are dangerous only when you fall unconscious in the wilderness. Of course they will be the first to taste your flesh in that case. Unlike their cousinsliving in urban areas, the crows in Chang Tang have a larger body like eagles. When they fly over your head, you could feel like it is a piece of cloud. They are scavengers but like fresh meat too. It once happened that a baby was killed by crows relentlessly, let alone the lambs got killed by them. Once a nomad asked me for fireworks to scare the crows away. (They are sacred birds not to be killed by human)It is easy to defend yourself against crows, that is to keep fighting, never fall in the wilderness.A short break attracted the crows. Of course, they were miscalculating this time, photo taken last year[Strategies Adopted]At the time when I met the four soldiers in Jieshan Daban, they said there were many dangerous animals in the Northern Tibet and asked me if I had brought a shotgun. I think if they knew that I would enter Chang Tang they would definitely check if I really have a shotgun. The so-called defence facilities I brought with me were the fireworks and pepper spray. I had never used them. The fireworks were ruined and thrown away when I crossed a river and I had never opened the pepper spray. I even had never thought about this when camping in the night. The reason was I did not feel the needs. During the day time whenever I met any animals I had never touched the knife I had brought. I did not have anything to defend myself when I walked out to investigate the route. The Chang Tang is really a vast area so as to be very easy to detect anything strange.By the way, you'd better to avoid mating season's animals because even tamed rabbits could be aggressive in mating season.The thing is even if you have a gun, it is not very much helpful when bears attack you. Therefore, your attitude is most important.I can tell you something. Dogs are more dangerous than these wild animals. I had been chased by Tibetan dogs, pounced on by dogs in mating season, also besieged by a group of dogs. I really feel it is more useful to know how to defend a dog.Declaration again The above experience is from Chang Tang only. Of course, the more you prepared, the better. Day 12 (May 1), 23.8km, Camping 5117mToday was May 1 -- the Labour Day, I had been walking in some lake area marked in the map but clearly dried up. The lake basin was flat and hard so that I even pushed my bike more than 20km. Let it be the special treat for my May Day. After midday it became cloudy with growing winds. Since the Yueya Hu that I passed yesterday, there were no big lakes until Yanghu Co (My route would be between Jianshui Hu and Bairab Co), there was even no light alkaline water to drink so I had to pay extra attention not to miss any possible drinking water supply to fill up my water bag. There were a few very small lakes but all were alkaline puddles which was very shallow, whose depth was no more than the length of a half-finger. These puddles were covered with a hard shell of the mixture of salt and ice which smelled stinking and decaying when getting closer, must be toxic water I supposed. On the shore of this type of small lakes it was muddy soil and very hard to get closer.There was no sign of tundra at all.It was almost half past six when I found some snow corns in a ditch, which was the only drinking water supply of the day. There was a thin layer of melted ice on the surface of the ground near the snow corn, which was very hard to collect and was contaminated by the alkali. The snow corn was the yet melted thick snow, which was shaped like a corn by wind. The snow was quite hard and dry,porous like ice. I crushed a few snow corns, putting them into the water bag.They would be my drinking water tonight. These snow corns were the only one in today's wilderness, I reckoned the reason why they were not melted like others was the soil underneath contained large amount of ice blocks which acted as a freezer.Very strong gale in the night, it was hard to bear the sound of the vibration of the tent. Small single tent was good in the sense that it would not be blown away as long as you stayed inside. But you had to be very careful to set up the tent. I once did not pay much attention when doing so, the tent was blown away by winds, and rolling over like a Giant lantern ... I ran after it, got it back, and was exhausted. In general, it is not possible to fix the tent completely using tent pegs because they were not very much effective like large tents. It was snowing around 23 o'clock, the winds were howling from north,then the falling snow flakes landed on my tent quietly, I finally felt at peace and fell asleep. The flat ancient lake basin, assisting me walking more than 20kmSmall lake en route, toxic waterSnow corns, the only drinking water supply today Day 13 (May 2), 0km, Camping 5117mWaking up in the morning and opening the tent, the heavy snow outside must be sent by the God to force me have a break for the May Day. After lying in for a while, getting up and walking on the snowy ground out I went to have a look around. As first sight there were a herd of chirus. They were plainly to be spotted because they looked like a clear black straight line in the while snow. I returned to get my camera and then followed them to take some pictures. But they were very much alert and kept a quite long distance from me. I felt they were a group of pregnant females, instinctively protecting themselves from any potential harm. I was no longer short of water, the snow gave me a precious supply of drinking water. The problem was that they were very petrol consuming. I tool 8.6 litre of petrol and the oil stove was Duola's MSR. The pot was of 1.5 litre, mainly for boiling water. After several days' experiments, I found that the liquid water needed 16mins and 14-15mins to boil in the morning and evening, respectively. For ice, it would take 35-40mins while for snow it took 45-50mins. Melting snow was a very time and petrol consuming process so if I had a choice between snow and light alkaline water, most of time I would go with the latter. Lying inside the tent, listening to musics,I smoked a cigarette while gazing at the more and more chirus around me. Because it was very cold I had been wearing my shoes all the time. Now I just put my bare feet under the warm sun for some fresh air. I found three cuts in my hands and one in my sole. The cuts were about 4cm in length, looked terrible but it was actually all right really. Half of my toes were injured by to much walking, quite painful. I fetched my medicine bag and found I only got four patches of plasters, a serious mistake. One of the cuts in my hand had never been cured until I was out of this desolate land so as to feel like this finger would drop from my hand at any time. The others quickly recovered in a few days then new cuts appeared elsewhere. This process occurred periodically. I felt that it was somewhat related to the cold, dry weather and the lack of vitamins. The snow rapidly disappeared, which is unique phenomenon in Chang Tang. Because of the low air humidity and the high radiation from the sun, the snow was evaporating very fast, much quicker than the melting speed. Owing to this, the ground was generally still dry after the snow disappeared. In most cases, it would be only 2/5 left in the afternoon around 2 to 3 o'clock and small patches of ground could be seen. It would be completely all right for walking the next day. On the third day there could be some snow left in somewhere the sunlight hard to reach. So generally it could give you three days of water supply after a heavy snow like this. One of the pannier was broken, the most expensive one from deuter series, supposed to be waterproof. I will come back to it at some point later. Everything was covered by snow, no way out Lying in the middle of Chang Tang, listening to Tian Zhen's songs, and smoking Baisha cigarettes, what else can you ask for? The pregnant female chirus in migration, probably heading to Heishi Beihu to give birth([]
pr18官网视频玩具酱
吴洁虹斯里兰卡是印度半岛南端印度洋中的一个岛国，北临孟加拉湾，西濒阿拉伯海，为印度洋东西方海上交通必经之地面积65610平方公里。人口1580万(1985)。僧伽罗人占72％,泰米尔人占20.5％,摩尔人占 6.7％，柏格人和马来人占 0.8％。僧伽罗语为官方语言，泰米尔语为民族语言，社会上层通用英语。居民67.3％信奉佛教，17.6％信奉印度教，7.9％信奉基督教，7.1％信奉伊斯兰教。首都科伦坡。中国古书称之为师子国僧伽罗国、僧诃罗国等。僧伽罗系梵语 Simhala一词的音译，意为狮子。古代阿拉伯航海家称其为“宝岛.锡兰”目前“锡兰”一称仍通用。如对斯里兰卡有兴趣的朋友，有想到斯里兰卡自助游的兴趣（附带说一句，斯里兰卡和中国一向友好，是最适合中国人去自助游的国家之一）；可跟贴就你所想详细了解和有疑问的地方提出，我会尽量详细就我所知解答。下文预告；本人独自在印度自助流浪历时23天，从印度最东面的加尔各答横穿到印度最西面的阿姆利则，沿途所见所闻精彩粉呈。近期将整理出来以飨各位朋友。斯里兰卡有两千多年文字记载的历史。来自南亚次大陆北部的雅利安移民约在公元前 6世纪来到兰卡岛，先在沿海地区落脚，然后沿河流向内地迁移，建立若干沿河村落并种植水稻。移民中最强大的是僧伽罗人。这一名称后来成了所有移民的共同名称。雅利安移民的政治制度是婆罗门式的。在南印度种姓制度影响下，逐渐形成斯里兰卡独特的种姓制度，构成了僧伽罗村社制度的基础。 2500年前，来自北印度的雅利安人移民至锡兰岛建立了僧伽罗王朝。前247年，印度孔雀王朝的阿育王派其子来岛弘扬佛教，受到当地国王的欢迎，从此僧伽罗人摈弃婆罗门教而改信佛教。公元前2世纪前后，南印度的泰米尔人也开始迁徙并定居锡兰岛。从公元5世纪至16世纪，岛内僧伽罗王国和泰米尔王国之间征战不断。16世纪初先后被葡萄牙（1505—1658）和荷兰（1658—1796）统治。 18世纪末，斯里兰卡成为英国殖民地，并在二战中成为盟军在南亚对抗日军入侵的海军基地。当时的锡兰总督兼三军总司令是以善于调和种族关系而著称的郝德杰（任锡兰总督时间为1937.10.16—1944.9.19）。1948年2月4日获得独立，定国名锡兰。1972年5月22日改称斯里兰卡共和国。1978年8月16日改国名为斯里兰卡民主社会主义共和国。斯里兰卡自助游，分别为：文化之旅、海滨之旅、高山之旅和生态之旅。一、文化之旅。在斯里兰卡这个小小岛屿国家中，分布着与埃及一样多的，共6处世界遗产，可谓是个奇迹。充分展示了斯里兰卡有文字记载的2000多年的文明史。由皇城康提、圣城阿努拉德普勒、古城波隆纳鲁沃这3个城市构成的三角区，被称为“文化金三角”。在这个三角区内，汇聚了多达5处该国的世界文化遗产。这里有巨大的古建筑群；有2500多年前的宫殿和石刻；有古都的遗址、花岗岩的雕像、高耸入云的巨型舍利塔。参观、体验这些文化遗产，可令人充满惊奇和振奋，焕发人的灵感，让人感受到这是一次文化之旅、精神之旅。1、“文化金三角”世界遗产分布情况。（1）康提（Kandy）一处：佛牙寺（Temple of Tooth Relics）。（2）丹布勒（Dumbulla）二处：丹布勒金庙石窟（The Golden Temple and Rock Temple of Dambulla）、锡吉里耶狮子岩（Sigiriya the Lion Rock）。（3）阿努拉德普勒（Anuradhapura）一处：由菩提树、千柱寺，及数个超巨型舍利塔组成。（4）波隆纳鲁沃（Polonnaruwa）一处：嘎里亚那（Galvihara）古城遗址。（5）南海之滨的世界文化遗产。斯里兰卡全国共6处世界文化遗产中，有5处在“文化金三角”，另一处在南海之滨的加勒（Galle）。是17世纪建造的，位于一座岛礁上的荷兰城堡。 二、海滨之旅。斯里兰卡这个海岛拥有1340公里长的海岸线，以及数百个沙滩。这些沙滩中，已经开发出来，供游人休闲的多达几十个。其数量之多，质量之好，环境之美，都是绝无仅有的。这是大自然对斯里兰卡人民的慷慨赐予。斯里兰卡的海滨度假胜地，集中在这个海岛的西南部海岸。在不到200公里长的距离中，大大小小已经开发出的海滩就有几十个。其中几个较大的海滩各具特色、名声在外。 1、几个值得一去的主要海滩。（1）尼甘布（Negombo）距科伦坡37公里，距国际机场仅有6公里。因其位置优势，这里常年吸引了大量刚刚到达，或者准备离开斯里兰卡的各国游客。这里也是首都科伦坡民众节假日最好的休闲之地。（2）卡卢特勒（Kalutara）距科伦坡42公里。这里除了拥有迷人的海滩和众多的五星级酒店外，还有一座庄严的3层佛教寺庙，以及里面的那座世界独一无二的空心佛塔。（3）本托塔（Bentota）距科伦坡62公里。这里有宽广如画的海滩；有大型海滨度假村和星级饭店；有独特的古董店；有斯里兰卡驰名建筑师巴瓦兄弟花园。在本托塔河上，游人还可乘船在内河游览和进行各种水上运动。（4）希克杜沃（Hikkaduwa）距科伦坡98公里。这里是全岛最有名的海滩之一。希克杜沃以潜水运动和珊瑚礁闻名。同样出名的还有冲浪和丰富多彩的夜生活。海边既有很多顶级海景酒店，附近也有背包客能接受的舒适客栈。（5）乌纳瓦吐纳（Unawatuna）距科伦坡116公里；距世界文化遗产，加勒的荷兰古城堡仅4公里。乌纳瓦吐纳号称世界12大顶级海滩之一。这里有奇妙的潜水区域；有像沙丁鱼罐头一样挤在一起的，让游人放松的沙滩；有丰富的夜生活；有许多性价比不高，但却符合市场经济规律，比三亚划算得多的酒店和度假村。（6）韦利格默（Weligama）距科伦坡143公里。这里风景迷人，绵延10多公里的海岸线上，全是大大小小的沙滩。海面上有端坐在木杆上垂钓的渔民和游弋的双体船；海岸边有名气很大，但规模很小的金枪鱼市场。（7）美蕊沙（Mirissa）距科伦坡155公里。这里的漂亮海湾，散发着原始、迷人的气息。游人们评价说：这里是斯里兰卡南部最美的海滩。在美蕊沙，除了冲浪、潜水、休闲外，最富特色，最吸引人的就是，在当年的11月至次年的5月，乘船出海看鲸鱼、海豚和飞鱼。（8）马特勒（Matara）距科伦坡163公里，公交大巴车程约5小时。这里是海岛南部顶端的一座大型海滨城市。在城边海岸的突出沙滩上，可以看到清晨太阳从海中冉冉升起，傍晚又从海中缓缓落下的罕见自然景观。这里还是游人去附近几个著名海滩远足的，最佳的中转站和大本营。（9）坦加勒（Tangalle）距科伦坡195公里。这里有世所罕见，几乎渺无人烟，拥有宽阔漂亮沙滩，长达10多公里，能够一览无遗的巨型、正圆形弧形海岸线。眼前不时跃出水面的银鱼，和那不断掠过水面的上百只海鸥，伴随着生生不息的海浪，引人遐想，令人忘我。（10）瑞卡瓦（Rekawa）距科伦坡205公里。在这里，在相应季节的夜晚满月时，可以看到从水下爬到沙滩上，自然繁殖的海龟，还可以与它们亲密接触。这就是高勒到科伦坡的海边火车。在就是传说的海边渔夫三、高山之旅。斯里兰卡有多样的地形地貌，以及由此带来多样化的气候和丰富多彩的自然景观。斯里兰卡南部山区有30多座上千米高的山峰。有这个海岛最高的，海拔2555米的皮杜鲁塔拉格勒山（Mount Pidurutalagala）。在山区的腹心地带，最有名，最受游客青睐的地方是努瓦勒埃利耶（Nuwara Eliya）。这里是斯里兰卡海拔最高的村镇，是美誉度最高的山区旅游胜地，有“小英格兰”之称。村镇周围有高尔夫球场和赛马场，附近有可供垂钓鳟鱼的湖泊、河流。夜晚在零度的气温下，人们穿冬衣戴皮帽，依偎在壁炉边烤火的情景，在这个只有夏天，没有春天、秋天，更没有冬天的热带岛屿上，构成一幅奇特的，引人入胜的自然、人文景观。距努瓦勒埃利耶不太远的南部地区，有景色优美，海拔超过2000米的山区高原霍顿平原（Horton Plains）。霍顿平原上最吸引人的景点是悬崖落差达1000多米，被人们描述得具有极大想象空间的：“世界的尽头（World’s End）”。科伦坡和康提都有公交车驶往努瓦勒埃利耶。行驶时间分别为3.5小时和2小时。距努瓦勒埃利耶同样不太远的东南部地区，有山区的另一个著名景点埃拉（Ella）。乘火车从努瓦勒埃利耶到埃拉，这条线路是世界上最美的火车线路之一。火车在海拔2000多米高的大片原始森林间，迎着茶园，穿过松涛，沿着陡峭的峡谷蜿蜒而行。真个是景在心中，人在画中。四、生态之旅。斯里兰卡除了无所不在，令人神往的海洋景观外，岛上森林密布、河流纵横，无数湖泊镶嵌其间。全岛有12个国家公园，52个自然保护区，占国土面积的12%。其中最著名的是位于海岛南部，被评为世界自然遗产的辛哈拉加森林保护区（Sinharaja Forest Reserve）。最吸引游人的是位于东南沿海的，巨型的自然保护区 —— 雅拉国家公园（Kumana National Park）。在康提附近，有几十头大象的人工保护区品纳维勒大象孤儿院；在狮子岩附近的米内日亚国家公园湖边，最多时可一次出现几十头野生大象；在波隆纳鲁沃的湖边，夕阳西下时，可一次见到数百只鸽子那么大的巨型蝙蝠；湖面上整天都能见到时而浮在水面，时而排队飞行的成千上万只水鸟；在南部海边瑞卡瓦的沙滩上，能在明月下见到上岸繁殖的海龟；在美蕊沙近海，可看到鲸鱼、海豚和飞鱼；........([]
花苑成年人进入人口
杨智钧安娜普尔纳保护区，是尼泊尔最负盛名的自然景区，也是世界上最适合徒步旅行的地方之一。其中安娜普尔纳大环线（Annapurna Circuit TREKking，简称ACT）是世界十大徒步线路之首，沿途可以看到玛纳斯鲁、道拉吉里和安娜普尔纳三座8000米级的山峰，也是目前世界上成熟徒步线路中海拔落差最大的一条。一路上从茂盛的丛林，目不暇接的水瀑到高山草甸，再到寸草不生的垭口，尤其是在冬季，被一片冰雪世界覆盖，那纯净无瑕的美丽，无时无刻不萦绕在思忆中。一路上遇到的一个个鲜活的脸孔，时常浮现在眼前，这场孤独却又似狂欢的旅行让我每每忆起时，总是心底阵阵温暖，嘴角也不经意泛出一丝笑容。我的旅行，多半是没有计划的，走到一处，就安留一处，这大概就是流浪吧，而行山，也是我流浪的一种方式，一种最纯粹的方式。完成珠峰南坡（我们常称为EBC）的徒步后，在加德满都浑噩了两天，加都的喧嚣和琳琅满目的商品对我没有丝毫诱惑力，EBC之行像是一场前戏，挑拨着我更为强烈的欲望，在这个号称“徒步者天堂”的国度，没有什么比远足徒步更容易带来快感了。EBC之行，结识了很多朋友，鸡哥，小熊，小白，大嘴，还有下山后在龙游认识的大旻和大胖妞，下山那天是农历元宵节，我们一帮中国人聚在一起，大家都喝得酩酊大醉，发生了不少闹剧，可我始终相信，每个人都是可爱的。2012年春节EBC我们的队伍，认识了这么多可爱的朋友，是一辈子宝贵的财富。一个月的证，只用了一半，我告诉大家，我要用剩下的时间去安娜看一看，于是和他们一个个道别，自行一人开始了这场孤单而又难忘的旅行。从博卡拉出发，第一晚因为西藏的归属问和西班牙人托尼产生争执，他说他打算枪杀我；在Deurali遇到老狼、小雪一行人，于是结伴同行，在MBC和小雪过了一个勉强还算浪漫的情人节，后来和大家在himalaya分手，继续独自上路；为了传说中的“天体温泉”，从Ghorepani几乎爬行到了Tatopani；抵达Muktinath的时候才发现牛逼大了——我把这条线路走反了，而面临的问是要从Muktinath爬升1800米翻越陀龙垭口，一路上都没有休息点，更要命的是，喜马拉雅山区刚刚送走一场巨大暴风雪，所有人都觉得我会死在路上的时候，Hotel Bob Marley的老板Angela建议我可以试试；在Mangna遇到了非常善良的法国大姐Val，她一年要从法国飞尼泊尔三次，只是来安娜帮她开客栈的当地朋友干活；路上又遇到了之前在ABC相遇的长的很像奥巴马的背夫；快下山的时候遇到在迪拜打工，送儿子去上学的Sandas，他和他哥哥在Besi很热情的招待我。这篇游记只是一个故事，算不上攻略，因为我很乌龙的把这条线路走反了！小邦在尼旅行时间较长，所以对尼泊尔的旅游比较熟悉，有需要的朋友可以咨询我，在此提供一个交流的平台，QQ群197672948此次的行程大概是这样的：2月10日 加德满都——博卡拉2月11日 博卡拉——Phedi——当普斯——Landruk2月12日 Landruk——Chhomrong——Sinuwa2月13日 Sinuwa——Bamboo——Dovan——Himalaya——Deurali2月14日 Deurali——MBC——ABC——MBC2月15日 MBC到Chhomrong2月16日 Chhomrong——Tadapani——Ghorepani2月17日 Ghorepani——Poon Hill——Tatopani2月18日 Tatopani——Ghasa——Jomsom——Muktinath2月19日 Muktinath2月20日 Muktinath——陀龙垭口——High camp2月21日 High camp——Manang2月22日 Manang——Lower Pisang——Chame2月23日 Chame——Tal——Chamche2月24日 Chamche——Syange——Besi Shahar2月25日 Besi Shahar——加德满都个人装备：背包：Gregory T60，强氧胸包鞋袜：mont-bell登山鞋，凉鞋，coolmax袜子一双，迪卡侬徒步袜三双衣服：迪卡侬防风软壳，CARAVA Plartec抓绒衣，Carava棉衣，迪卡侬航海系列抓绒裤，Carava冲锋裤，Carava速干排汗内衣帽子：始祖鸟毛线帽，Mammut速干帽手套：迪卡侬滑雪手套睡袋：天石格拉丹东登山杖：鲁宾逊T3E，BD Trail各一根照明：Black Diamond Spot头灯，备用电池n节眼镜：高特近视偏光眼镜，高特雪镜炉头：火枫便携炉头餐具水具：火枫202套锅，乐扣保鲜盒日常用品：洗漱包，迪卡侬收纳袋，SPF30+防晒霜，卫生纸，笔记本，字笔，瑞士军dao猎人，Carava雪套，迪卡侬防水手表药品：急救包，板蓝根，云南白药喷雾剂，医用纱布，新黄片（或其他消炎药）证件：身份证，护照，1寸照片4张通讯：Moto Defy三防手机，充电器相机：尼康D3100 在MBC看到的玛查普彻峰，也就是我们常说的鱼尾峰。 纠正一下，这不是安娜普尔纳1峰，是Nilgiri South峰，海拔6839米。 在Muktinath看到的世界第七高峰，道拉吉里峰，海拔8167米。 玛纳斯鲁峰，世界第八高峰，海拔8153米。 在Chhomrong看到的玛查普彻峰，实际上它是由两座山峰组成，看上去像鱼的尾鳍，所以我们通常称它为Fishtail，也就是鱼尾峰了。 安娜普尔纳大本营（Annapurna Base Camp），也就是著名的ABC了。 Himalaya，和老狼、小雪一行人。 清晨Poon Hill上望见安娜普尔纳南峰。 通往陀龙垭口的路。 通往陀龙垭口的雪路。https//player.youku.com/player.php/sid/XNTEwNjEzMDU2/v.swf横切雪坡。 通往陀龙垭口的路。https//player.youku.com/player.php/sid/XNTEwNTk3NTA4/v.swf垭口的大风，在High camp遇到的美国人看了这个视频，说，“Sounds like hell.” 世界上最大的垭口——陀龙垭口，海拔5416米。https//player.youku.com/player.php/sid/XMzU4MTk1NTI4/v.swf冒着极寒和风雪拍下的这个视频。 因为是冬季，陀龙垭口到High Camp的Tea House（休息点）都关闭了。 从垭口到High Camp的路上积雪非常厚，最深的地方几乎齐腰。 安娜普尔纳二峰著名的“Monkey Face”，因为山体看上去像人脸而得名。 安娜普尔娜 3峰。 Pisang附近一处很光洁的雪坡，还能清楚看到雪崩的痕迹。 2月10日加德满都到博卡拉加德满都到博卡拉的旅游大巴是早上7点钟出发，我当然不愿意牺牲我宝贵的睡眠，顺便又可以感受一下当地的风土人情，所以本地巴士对我来说也是一个很不错的选择，在加德满都吃完午饭，我赶上了下午2点去往博卡拉的班车，尼泊尔的大巴多数都是印度的TATA牌汽车，性能谈不上好，但是非常结实，我个人还是喜欢坐本地巴士，至少我基本上一路都是睡过去的，晃晃悠悠直到晚上10点才抵达博卡拉，然后打了个车到湖滨区（Lakeside），在唐人餐厅要了个炒饭，碰上一个拉客的当地人，于是以300卢比的价格住在了一家Guest House，条件比较简陋，忘了叫什么名字。要说博卡拉的住宿，穷游的话我个人推荐Hotel Khukuri，我曾经在旺季的时候和老板讲价到400卢比，床很大，还有大阳台。 这是个寂寥的月圆之夜，这个号称尼泊尔第二大城市的博卡拉，看上去不过像一个小镇，我在房间翻看在加德满都买的安娜徒步地图，顿时傻眼了，发现地图上错综复杂有着大大小小十几条线路，这显然比EBC的情况要复杂的多，我瞬间不知该如何下手，于是问了一下客栈老板，他建议我从当普斯开始，我没有想太多，就采纳了他的建议。 清晨的费瓦湖也是匆匆一瞥，博卡拉是号称“南亚小瑞士”的浪漫艳遇之所，在我看来，这远没有西藏的“一措再措”大气，倒是显得小资许多。我无心留恋这个地方，打听了一下去当普斯的车，要倒三趟巴士才到，我狠了下心，干脆叫了辆出租车。 这个司机说600卢比可以把我拉到Phedi，相对半个小时的车程，这已经算很便宜了，他问我办好徒步手续没有，我原本是打算走捷径，但想想这事有伤国体，就干脆让他带我分别去两个办公室办理Permit（许可证）和Tims Card（全称为Trekkers Information Management System，意为徒步者信息管理系统），许可证2000卢比，Tims Card 20美金，折合成人民币差不多近300大元，瞬时感觉心在滴血。另外给了司机600卢比小费，因为他陪我办手续等了很久。 Phedi到当普斯有盘山公路，但是费用比较高，我选择自行走小径上山，这是一个比较陡的坡，有一段时间没有负重徒步了，所以没走多久就喘的不行。 爬上了山坡，回头望去，全是一片梯田和河流的景貌，让人无法想法这里地处于喜马拉雅南麓。 沿途当地人的小洋房，博卡拉是个相对比较富饶的地方。 去往当普斯的路上，沿途尽是这样的路。 这个大姐打完电话后，似乎若有所思。 路上遇到一个奥地利老头和他的向导，我才知道大部分徒步客都选择从Nayapul作为徒步的起点，走当普斯的实在是少。 找老头代劳给我拍了一张。 这可真是徒步的好天气啊。([]
国产级级生活片
林兰瑄这是去年的事儿，算起来，去年的今天正是出发的日子，已经一年了。 游记写完了加起来一算，竟有13万多字，想了想，还是在这儿交个作业，如一位朋友所说，“唯有记录下旅途上的点滴，才能不辜负那些路上的人和事。”也算是借8264，对曾经在路上给予过帮助的人致以谢意，路上遇到的朋友说不定也会看到这篇作业，问所有人好。 文笔不好，流水账，拍照技术有限，仅为记录，选了两千张图片一起交上来，因为工作比较忙，只能空闲时间慢慢更新，不知道什么时候完结，但肯定不会太监。 先谢过所有来捧场的朋友，如果您能坚持看完，就是对我最大的鼓励了。 路上卡片机随手录的一些片段，回来简单做的视频。 《搭车去尼泊尔》目录： 搭车去尼泊尔 之 前言简介、行程概览、费用统计、装备情况等 一、启程，南昌→昆明 二、单车逛昆明 三、第一次搭车的艰辛，大理古城，洱海露营 四、洱海日出，丽江漫步，夜宿黑龙潭 五、行走束河古镇，丽江夜晚和朋友们在一起 六、徒步泸沽湖，高原上的那一汪水 七、大货车连夜奔袭记，徒步虎跳峡第一天 八、徒步虎跳峡第二天，一个鳏夫的爱情 九、香格里拉，心中的日月 十、逃票松赞林寺，一路坎坷惊险连夜到德钦 十一、梅里往事，雪山下的恬静时光 十二、徒步雨崩第一天，人神共居的世外桃源 十三、神瀑下的刺骨洗礼，雨季走出雨崩 十四、搭车路上不容易，相聚芒康真欢喜 十五、去***搭车！夜困觉巴山，借宿藏民家 十六、好人罗大哥，连搭三天货车到波密，剑指墨脱 十七、徒步反穿墨脱第一天，翻越嘎隆拉雪山，凄风冷雨中的苦旅 十八、反穿墨脱第二天，搭档结伴行，脚底水泡连心疼 十九、反穿墨脱第三天，冒雨独行，坎坷长路 二十、反穿墨脱第四天，一梦四年，终走进“莲花圣地” 二十一、反穿墨脱第五天，墨脱县城内休整，轻装的抉择 二十二、反穿墨脱第六天，锵锵三人行，田园牧歌背崩乡 二十三、反穿墨脱第七天，穿越蚂蝗堆、老虎嘴、塌方区，曾眼镜的四海旅社 二十四、反穿墨脱第八天，穿越原始森林，拉格的秀美风光 二十五、反穿墨脱第九天，翻越多雄拉雪山，走出墨脱 二十六、时隔一年，重回拉萨，兄弟见面，不醉不归 二十七、漫步拉萨，拉萨河的日落 二十八、尼威朗玛厅，夜袭宝瓶山，露营拉萨河畔 二十九、续走中尼线，大美羊卓雍措，宿营江孜宗山古堡 三十、美丽日喀则，扎什伦布寺，计划徒步珠峰大本营 三十一、徒步珠峰大本营第一天，壮观喜马拉雅，雪山下的巴松村 三十二、徒步珠峰大本营第二天，艰辛的旅程，守望珠穆朗玛 三十三、仰望珠穆朗玛，珠峰摔车惊魂记，羁旅白坝 三十四、318国道终点站，到达樟木口岸 三十五、抵达加德满都，蹩脚英语混在泰米尔区 三十六、奇达旺国家森林公园，Rapti河畔的日落 三十七、Rapti河独木舟漂流，丛林徒步，骑象寻兽 三十八、静静的佩瓦湖，博卡拉的一夜 三十九、博卡拉之晨，加都的杜巴广场，库玛里女神，猴庙俯瞰加都 四十、博大哈的大佛眼，巴格马蒂河与烧尸庙 四十一、巴克塔普尔，充满艺术感的静美古城 四十二、古城帕坦，古迹如云的杜巴广场 四十三、告别加都，回到樟木，离开拉萨，踏上归途 搭车去尼泊尔 之 后记：愿在路上，不问天涯 搭车去尼泊尔 之 前言简介、行程概览、费用统计、装备情况等 有些朋友可能想问：为什么要选择搭车和徒步，选择走滇藏线和中尼线？出行多少天，多少公里，花费多少？大致行程是怎么样的？带了哪些装备？工作后怎么会有这么长的假期？等等问，所以先将这些情况做个简要说明。 为什么选择搭车滇藏线和中尼线去尼泊尔？ 08年夏天，大学毕业后，我从武汉来到南昌，开始了人生第一份工作，至今已有三年。 08年底，我的一个朋友，肯，跟我一个单位的，到云南昆明工作去了。之后一直没机会见面。 09年夏天，在南昌，我的一个兄弟，也是老乡，马达，大学毕业后进藏藏漂，工作地点在樟木，就是那个喜马拉雅山脚下、中尼边境口岸的小镇。他离开南昌时我们喝酒，我说，如果有一天我能骑单车去西藏，就去看你。 10年夏天，我请探亲假，骑车到了拉萨，但无奈假期有限，即将结束，没能去樟木找马达，在拉萨呆了三天返回。 10年初，旅游卫视有一部很火的节目，叫《搭车去柏林》，我相信这部真人纪录片影响了国内很大一批年轻人和背包客，我承认，我也是在看了此片之后，萌生什么时候能搭车走一次长途的想法的，无他，纯粹只为想换个在路上的方式体验下。 06年，在网上被一篇徒步墨脱的帖子打动，知道了墨脱这个地方，开始有了想去徒步的想法。 11年6月，一个偶然的机会，我换了工作，将离开南昌，去沿海的另一座城市。在去新单位正式报到之前有点时间，便想趁这个间隙走这一趟长途，于是7月中旬将南昌的工作交接完毕。 之前我没有去过云南，也没有出过境。所以决定这次选择搭车走滇藏线和中尼线。 于是，在一切准备妥当之后，2011年7月21日，就这样出发了。 行程简介 这次出行，前后共计53天。 因为出发前并不能确定时间长短，所以没做太多计划，比较随意，基本属于边走边看情况。按照大致设想，先坐火车到昆明，然后从昆明出发，边搭车边徒步，沿滇藏线、中尼线至尼泊尔，游玩途中某些点，或者选择去徒步。 出行方式为一个人，重装。至于路上是否捡到伴或者被捡，随缘，走几天是几天；是否露营，看具体情况和心情。 大致路线：南昌→昆明→大理→丽江→泸沽湖→虎跳峡→香格里拉→德钦飞来寺→雨崩→芒康→波密→墨脱→林芝八一→拉萨→羊湖→江孜→日喀则→珠峰大本营→樟木→尼泊尔加德满都→奇达旺→博卡拉→加德满都→樟木→拉萨→武昌→南昌，总行程约12000公里，包括火车、汽车，搭车以及徒步等方式。实际搭顺风车路段为昆明→拉萨→樟木，共搭顺风车33次，行程约3000公里，从拖拉机、摩托车到奥迪、陆巡都有过。途中徒步里程约为650公里。总的来说，大部分前进的里程是靠搭车完成，但大部分的时间是在走路。路线图 花费统计 作为一个自助游的驴子，原则就是当花钱则花钱，不值得花的就省掉，不大手大脚、不铺张、不浪费，我相信，穷游也可以玩得很好，玩得很开心。（其实穷游意味着你可以用省下的钱走更远的路。） 这次出行全部费用总计约5500元人民币。主要分为以下几个部分： 一、出行交通类： 南昌→昆明，火车硬座，107 大理→丽江，小车，50（本来上车之前说好是搭车，但到丽江之后司机说让给点油费） 丽江→泸沽湖大巴往返，及包车，227 虎跳峡镇→香格里拉，小巴，30（搭车未果） 德钦→飞来寺，包车，15 飞来寺→西当温泉往返，包车，80 香格里拉→普达措，包车，20 派镇→八一，中巴，50 珠峰大本营→白坝村，摩托车，100 樟木→拉萨，大巴，200 拉萨→武昌，火车硬座，375 武昌→南昌，火车硬座，52 加上公交、的士等，交通费约1400。 二、门票类（不包括尼泊尔境内）：共670元 泸沽湖 100 虎跳峡 50（张老师小道10，拍照5） 香格里拉普达措国家森林公园 190 梅里雪山雨崩景区 80 扎什伦布寺 55 珠峰国家级自然保护区 180 三、住宿类： 总共46晚（不包括尼泊尔6晚），17个晚上没有花钱（7晚搭帐篷，3晚火车，1晚货车，4晚跟朋友混，2晚借地儿打地铺），住宿共29晚，住宿费约750元。 四、尼泊尔花费： 2011.9.1-7七天，在尼泊尔境内所有交通、食宿、购物、门票，1500元。（出关前换了1500人民币，回樟木后剩下的卢比还换回了50元） 五、剩下的费用就是平时吃饭、补给、购物以及其他花销了，约1200元。 行程概览 D1-D2/2011.7.21-22 火车，南昌→昆明，31个小时。投奔老友肯，混在其单位宿舍。 D3/2011.7.23 单车，骑游昆明。 D4/2011.7.24 搭车，昆明→大理，暴走大理，夜宿洱海畔，扎营。徒步30K，搭车2次，320K。 D5/2011.7.25 搭车，大理→丽江，游走丽江古城，夜宿黑龙潭，扎营。徒步8K，搭车2次，185K。 D6/2011.7.26 漫步束河古镇，丽江休整。宿青旅。徒步15K。 D7/2011.7.27 坐车，丽江→泸沽湖，200K。扎营泸沽湖畔。徒步5K。 D8/2011.7.28 徒步泸沽湖，里格村→走婚桥。扎营泸沽湖畔。徒步35K。 D9/2011.7.29 坐车，泸沽湖→丽江。徒步10K。搭车，丽江市郊→拉市乡，12K。 D10/2011.7.30连夜搭乘货车，拉市乡→丽江→大具乡，100K，拂晓下车。遇雨，迷路，觅渡。渡船，过金沙江。徒步虎跳峡第一天，大具至中虎跳，25K，宿山白脸客栈。途中搭车2K。 D11/2011.7.31 徒步虎跳峡第二天，中虎跳至虎跳峡镇镇外，徒步8小时，27K，搭车1次，1K。 D12/2011.8.1 大雨，搭车未果，坐车至香格里拉。宿青旅。徒步8K。 D13/2011.8.2 香格里拉，普达措国家森林公园，独克宗古城。徒步10K。 D14/2011.8.3晨起，逃票松赞林寺。徒步出香格里拉县城，搭车，至奔子栏，德钦封路，换车搭，绕路四川得荣，连夜赶路，第二日凌晨至德钦，220K。某宾馆打地铺。徒步5K。 D15/2011.8.4 包车，至飞来寺守望6740客栈，休整一天。 D16/2011.8.5 包车，至西当温泉，徒步进雨崩。宿徒步者之家。徒步10K。 D17/2011.8.6 徒步雨崩神瀑往返，接神水。徒步10K。 D18/2011.8.7 雨，徒步出雨崩，飞来寺守望6740客栈休整。徒步10K。 D19/2011.8.8 搭车3次，200K，至芒康，徒步15K。 D20/2011.8.9 搭车3次，45K，徒步30K，翻觉巴山无住宿，借宿半山腰藏民家里打地铺。 D21/2011.8.10 搭大货车，100K，至左贡。徒步5K。 D22/2011.8.11 搭大货车，200K，至八宿，扎营八宿兵站对面。 D23/2011.8.12 搭大货车，220K，至波密。 D24/2011.8.13 徒步反穿墨脱第一天，波密→52K，徒步42K，13小时，搭车10K，翻越嘎隆拉雪山。 D25/2011.8.14 反穿墨脱第二天，徒步52K→80K，实际徒步里程33K。 D26/2011.8.15 反穿墨脱第三天，80K→108K，雨中徒步28K。 D27/2011.8.16 反穿墨脱第四天，108K→墨脱县城，徒步33K。 D28/2011.8.17 墨脱县城内休整。 D29/2011.8.18 反穿墨脱第五天，墨脱→背崩，徒步28K。 D30/2011.8.19反穿墨脱第六天，背崩→汉密，经蚂蝗区、老虎嘴，海拔上升一千多米，徒步28K，宿曾眼镜的四海旅社。 D31/2011.8.20 反穿墨脱第七天，汉密→拉格，海拔上升一千米，徒步25K。 D32/2011.8.21 反穿墨脱第八天，拉格→松林口→派镇，翻越多雄拉雪山，徒步25K。坐车，派镇至林芝八一镇。 D33/2011.8.22 搭车2次，重返拉萨，400K，徒步8K。投奔马达，宿和平开的藏獒越野俱乐部，是夜醉倒。 D34-36/2011.8.23-25 拉萨游荡，FB，和马达、家猫一起。 D37/2011.8.26 搭车5次，拉萨→曲水→羊湖→浪卡子→江孜，230K，徒步10K，扎营宗山古堡。 D38/2011.8.27 搭车4次，江孜→日喀则（扎什伦布寺）→拉孜→定日县白坝村，310K。徒步20K。 D39/2011.8.28 徒步珠峰大本营第一天，白坝→扎西宗→巴松村，徒步28K，搭车2次，43K。 D40/2011.8.29 徒步珠峰大本营第二天，巴松村→绒布寺→珠峰大本营，徒步46K。 D41/2011.8.30 雇藏民摩托车，下珠峰大本营，搭车未果，宿白坝。 D42/2011.8.31 搭车2次，白坝→聂拉木→樟木，220K，徒步25K，宿樟木山水宾馆。 D43/2011.9.1过樟木中尼口岸，包车至尼泊尔（NEPAl）首都加德满都（Kathmandu），宿泰米尔区（Thamel）凤凰宾馆（PhoenixHotel）。 D44/2011.9.2 坐车由加德满都（Kathmandu）至奇达旺（Chitwan）国家森林公园，宿The RiverSide Hotel，河边观日落，看犀牛、鳄鱼、野猪，晚上观看民俗棍舞表演。 D45/2011.9.3Rapti河上独木舟漂流，看鳄鱼、大象、各种鸟类，丛林徒步，骑象穿越原始森林，看到麋鹿、梅花鹿。 D46/2011.9.4 坐车从奇达旺（Chitwan）到博卡拉（Pokhara），镇上闲逛，佩瓦湖（PhewaLake）边漫步。宿Grand Holiday Hotel。 D47/2011.9.5 坐车从博卡拉（Pokhara）回加德满都（Kathmandu），漫步加都的杜巴广场（DurbarSquare）和猴庙（Swayambhunath Stupa）。 D48/2011.9.6 逛博大哈（Bouddhanath Stupa）的大佛眼，帕苏帕堤庙（PashupatinnathTemple，俗称烧尸庙），巴克塔普尔（Bhaktapur）的杜巴广场，帕坦（Patan）的杜巴广场。 D49/2011.9.7 包车，加都返回樟木。 D50/2011.9.8 坐车，樟木返回拉萨，晚上FB至凌晨三点。 D51-53/2011.9.9-11 火车，拉萨→武昌→南昌。 装备情况 ①户外用品类：登山包一个（OSPREY苍穹60L）、双人帐篷一顶（牧高笛冷山2AIR）、自充垫、睡袋（﹣5℃）、腰包（8L，主要挂在前面放相机）、登山杖、徒步鞋、洞洞鞋、防水袋、防雨罩、炉头、气罐、套锅、挡风板、鸡蛋盒、筷子（勺子）、打火机、洗洁精、瑞士军dao。 ②电子类：单反一台（D90套机，8G卡），附带三脚架、充电器、遥控器、备用电池一枚；卡片机一台（2G卡），附带小三脚架、充电器、备用电池一枚；常用手机（包括充电器、备用电池、数据线），备用手机（包括充电器）；读卡器，备用SD卡（2G）；手电，附带充电器、两节18650电池。 ③衣物类：冲锋衣、冲锋裤、速干裤（可拆）、速干衬衣、长裤（可拆）、短袖T恤2件、速干排汗保暖内衣裤1套、内裤3条、袜子5双、大檐帽、护膝、魔术头巾2个。 ④生活用品类：洗漱用具（毛巾、口杯、牙膏牙刷、洗面奶、洗发水、香皂）、剃须刀、卷纸、防晒霜、唇膏。 ⑤药品类：止泻药、感冒药、正红花油、驱蚊花露水、风油精。 ⑥证件类：身份证、护照、边境通行证、钱包（现金若干、银行卡一张）。 ⑦文具类：中国交通旅游地图册一本，云南、西藏、尼泊尔等地地图若干及打印的简单攻略，日记本、中性笔、记号笔，一包铅笔橡皮小 dao等文具（路上准备送藏族小孩的）。 ⑧其他：墨镜、指甲刀、针线、尼龙绳、雨伞、水壶2个、前进自行车运动俱乐部队旗。 备注：因为包的容量有限，也考虑到背负后的重量，后来就没有带移动硬盘、溯溪鞋、望远镜等一些物品。打包后也没有刻意去称重，估计所有东西加在一起约25KG，路上有时还会补给干粮和水。当然带了的东西也并不都是全部用上了，有些东西确实无形之中给后来的徒步增加了负重，很痛苦，但具体情况不一样，自另当别论。 出发前的全部家当了搭车去尼泊尔（一）：启程，南昌→昆明 D1-D2/2011.7.21-22 这是南昌的七月，夏天最为火辣的时候。阳光像针一般，刺在皮肤上，空气闷热而干燥，知了在樟树叶子下有气无力地呻吟。即便坐在屋里一动不动，汗水都可以沿着脊背涔涔而下。 我背着硕大的登山包，走下楼去，桑送我到公交车站。因为将离开南昌，半个月前，我就退掉了在市区租的房子，混在朋友的租房里，连同所有的行李，七八个大包裹外加一辆自行车，搬过去的时候整个儿就一搬迁户。 2路车，哐啷哐啷，驶向火车站。公交电视上全是姚晨的大嘴广告，“赶集了！”，放了N+1遍，更添聒噪。身上早已被汗水浸透。 进了火车站候车室，人群密密麻麻。我排在队伍的最后面，去昆明的车还有不到一个小时发车。 突然手机响起来了，一看是朝阳姐！她说，她和兔子、云飞扬姐，还有小黑要来火车站给我送行，问我在哪儿，我告诉了她位置。穿过拥挤的人群，我翘首寻找，终于看见兔子穿着橘红色的前进队服，在人群里大声叫着“盼盼！盼盼！”大家的突然现身送行，是我没有料到的，很感动。 短暂的话别之后，带着飞扬姐送来的水果，还有大家的叮嘱和祝福，踏上了火车。 到昆明的这一趟车是一节绿皮慢车，人们被封闭在车厢里，就像附赠了免费桑拿，浑身的汗水如黄河滚滚而下。对面的一位大姐中暑了，另一位大婶在跟她掐人中。 已记不清流了多少次汗，T恤一会儿干，一会儿湿，身上黏糊糊的，像在岸上打滚的泥鳅。过道上站了不少人，很拥挤，跋山涉水走了5个车厢，没有热水，泡面也懒得吃了。到夕阳西下的时候，温度才渐渐降下来。 夜深了，车厢里的旅客们大多已经倚斜着头睡着。我完全没有睡意，望着窗外发呆，晚风一阵接一阵灌进来，凉快透了。心里突然有一点小迷茫，为这未知的行程。 列车不紧不慢地驶着，到第二天早上才出湖南，进入贵州。进入贵州之后，山区渐多，天气终于不那么炎热了。火车穿过一个又一个漆黑漫长的隧道，看见黔东南的一片秀丽山水，一路是连绵起伏的山，山谷内间或有三两人家，屋舍虽陋小，却俨然有致，屋前阡陌曲折，鸡犬相戏，稻田泛青。 坐着或站在我周围的，是一群从江西前往云南的打工者。他们，一行十人，来自赣州石城，听同乡说在西双版纳有事做，于是集体前往那边打工，全部站票，南昌到昆明仅这一趟绿皮车，三十多个小时，他们说，这车是给没钱人坐的，好车都不往西开。他，来自新余，自言二十岁出来就到昆明打工，基本上一直生活在那里，上个月他还回了趟老家，家中还有两个念书的娃。他和他，都是江西老表，他在北京、唐山等地的工地上呆过，这次要去西双版纳，他一个表妹的老公说可去那边做缅甸的玉石生意，他也是来自工地上，呆过四川、青海等地，这次他准备到昆明谋事，俩人相谈甚欢，互通名姓，居然是同姓本家，于是互留手机号，于是这老乡在异地就有了纽带。我喜欢在火车上默默听这些人的经历和故事，这样会更了解中国，不管他们将去何方，祝愿他们都有一个好的明天。 在路上列车停下来的时候，山区里，会有一群小孩子追着列车卖山梨，梨很小，一块钱两枚，但买的乘客不少，因为这趟列车时间太长，还没有热水。卖梨的孩子在铁道上随着旅客的呼声来回奔跑，扒在车窗上，双手捧上梨，接过乘客手里的硬币，不一会儿就卖完了两篮，累得满头大汗，但脸上挂满笑容。真希望他每天的生意都这样好。 进入云南已是第二个黄昏过后。第二天晚上十点多，历经三十一个小时后，火车抵达昆明。老友肯早已和他女朋友在火车站等候我多时了。打的到白马东区，住在肯单位的宿舍。肯曾和我一同进入南昌的单位，但几个月后转奔昆明，好几年未见。他长我八岁，在南昌时我们曾住隔壁，经常一起做饭、打桌球。听说他不日即将大婚，房子隔年也将交付，真替他高兴，真心祝福他们幸福。 是晚太累，好好洗了个澡，粘床便睡着了。我在人群拥挤的火车站，排在队伍后面，等待着开往昆明的火车。在火车上拍的，初见云贵高原。在火车上拍的，铁路下面就是河流与峡谷，火车在崇山峻岭间行驶，穿过了一个又一个隧道。路上列车停下来的时候，就会有这样的小孩子追着列车卖山梨，梨很小，一块钱两枚。卖梨的孩子在铁道上随着旅客的呼声来回奔跑，扒在车窗上，双手捧上梨，接过乘客手里的硬币，不一会儿就卖完了两篮，累得满头大汗，但脸上挂满笑容。火车上，第二个黄昏时的夕阳，将远处的山峦笼罩在金色的余晖中。 搭车去尼泊尔（二）：单车逛昆明 D3/2011.7.23 早上醒来，肯加班去了，我骑了他的山地车出门，一个人逛昆明。 相对于内地的夏天来说，春城温度并不高，但阳光很晒，紫外线比较强，如果不穿长袖、不戴遮阳帽，一会儿就会觉察到胳膊、脸上热辣辣的。 先计划骑车去爬西山。在市区内辨路时，正好遇到一伙昆明的车友骑车出游，一看见车友，我就感到很亲切，追上去问他们去哪儿，他们说去易门，一天往返，一百来公里，还有后援车，在得知我也是外地过来的车友后，还热情地邀我跟他们一起同去，我是非常想去，但时间有限，遗憾不能同行。问他们去西山的路怎么走，他们告诉我会经过山脚下，让我跟着队伍，于是跟着昆明车友的队伍，骑行至西山脚下，然后告别。 虽然西山最高峰罗汉峰的海拔有2511米，但因为昆明本身地处高原，海拔比较高，所以西山的相对海拔并不是很高，只有几百米，骑车爬起坡来难度并不大，二三十分钟就可上去，一路有很多车友来此锻炼，或正爬坡，或正疾驰下山，再加上徒步的游客，山路上显得很热闹。昆明西山，华亭禅寺这里长眠着一个年仅24岁的年轻音乐家——聂耳，中华人民共和国国歌的作曲者。骑上西山后，在山顶俯瞰滇池，蓝天白云下，滇池漫无边际，一碧如海。滇池的水非常绿，因为滇池属富营型湖泊，部分水域呈异常营养征兆，水色暗黄绿，内湖有机污染严重，导致湖水绿森森的像油漆一样，走在湖边还能闻到死去鱼虾的腐臭。政府为治理滇池污染，连续投入已超过40亿元，但收效甚微，目前仍呈重度污染状态。快艇疾驶过滇池昆明徐霞客纪念馆、昆明杨升庵纪念馆。徐霞客是中国户外界历史上公认的大侠，杨升庵是明代三大才子之一、正德六年状元。碧树掩映下的升庵祠升庵祠前的睡莲已悄然绽放碧峣精舍。杨慎（升庵）曾经讲学的地方。午后的巷子内，光影斑驳。滑过滇池上空的缆车滇池附近的湿地公园，生态环境很好船房河。船房河岸的午后很静谧，茂盛的湿地、水鸟、鲜花，浓密的树阴下，有人乘凉，有人垂钓，有人看书，有人野营聚餐打扑克，有人在吊床里享受甜蜜的梦境。西华园，午后，休闲的人们，更像是一个亲子乐园，来回奔跑玩耍的孩子们。西华园内，放风筝的小女孩西南联大旧址，在今云南师范大学校内国立西南联大原教室，看样子应该是在遗址基础上整修或重建的。夕阳余晖下，让人对那个大师辈出的年代，神往不已。闻一多先生衣冠冢西南联大纪念碑翠湖公园的荷塘 这一天骑着车在昆明市区内逛了十来个小时，一直到晚上八点才回到肯的宿舍。我告诉肯，明天就打算离开昆明，往西走，开始真正的搭车和徒步旅行。晚上，两人好好腐败了下，喝了点啤酒。 出发前，我心里并不是很有谱，因为我从来没有搭过顺风车，不知道具体该如何去操作，上网查了一下出市区的路线，弄清楚怎么坐公交出城，决定到城外再去找机会，又查了下云南各地车牌号的字母代号，大致知道了走滇藏大致要搭往什么方向去的车。 只能跟自己说，祝我好运。然后睡觉。 未完待续搭车去尼泊尔（三）：第一次搭车的艰辛，大理古城，洱海露营 D4/2011.7.24 今日行程：昆明→大理，搭车2次，里程300公里。徒步约7个小时，徒步里程30公里。 离开昆明的这一天我起得很早，5：40，按计划今天要搭车到大理。收拾好包，和肯告别之后，6：50离开了他住的宿舍。我走在大街上，径直向最近的公交车站。先乘公交到了明波家具城，下了车，下车之后的我一时有点茫然，周围是高架桥，众多过往的车辆，清晨的环卫工人在打扫马路，空气中弥漫着灰尘。 “嘿，伙计，现在没公交车了，轮到你搭车了，赶紧的啊！”我仿佛听到自己在心里跟自己这样说。可是我不知道该怎样去搭，我从没搭过顺风车，该怎样把车拦下来，并说服人家免费搭我呢？我的心跳咚咚加快，手足无措，接下来该……？现在回想起来，当时的紧张确实有点搞笑，但对于一个没有尝试过搭车的人，心里完全没谱，第一次的心理活动就是如此。 我在心里转过了很多个想法，该怎么拦，拦下来怎么去说，要是别人不搭我该怎么办，等等诸如此类的情况，但想得越多反而越紧张。我想起《搭车去柏林》里的拦车的姿势，矜持地举起了右手，朝上竖起了大拇指。 但不得不说，非常没底气，举手的姿势很不理直气壮，而且脸也不敢往后多看。这么多过往的车，我总觉得我的姿势很别扭，于是伸着手臂，埋头往前走，侥幸地希冀着有车能停下来。 显然，这样是没效果的，因为首先，这是在市区高架桥下面，这么多车没人会突然停下来，搞不好后面的车就追尾了；第二，我埋头朝前走，别人连我的脸都没看清，怎么可能停车；第三，也许这些车根本就不去大理，只是在市区近郊活动。 我就这样走着，沿着马路走了四十分钟，走过了高架桥，到了高速和国道的分岔路口。一路很多车经过，但这么久了根本没人鸟我，伸着手在路边半天别人看都不看，让我有点小受伤。我在岔路口徘徊着，到底是沿国道继续走呢，还是在高速路口继续等呢？如果走国道得走到什么时候，在路口等好像这里也不方便停车……纠结死我了。这时，一伙山东大学的自行车队，沿着国道320方向，穿着统一的T恤，打着旗子从我身边过去了，经过我身边的时候见我背个大包站在路边，还冲我喊加油，哎哟，小振奋，于是决定：沿着国道走！ 边走边拦，依旧没车睬我。突然有个面包车在前面停下来了，我的心跳在加速，感觉血脉贲张，赶紧跑上去。开车的是个女司机，大姑娘问我，到哪里，我说去大理，她说不到大理，我说到前面下也行，她问我出多少钱，我叽里咕噜地说了一大通，表明自己是个旅行者，准备徒步和搭车去尼泊尔的，想搭免费车等等，那姑娘尴尬地一笑，摇上车窗，开走了。我站在原地还没反应过来，感觉有点懵，回味这笑是什么意思，意识到自己像个SB，心想，说那么多干嘛，不就是蹭车搭吗，可又一想，说得具体点，这不显得我真诚嘛！得，得，没人搭，走路吧。 走了一段，天开始下雨，套上防雨罩，撑开伞继续走。后来雨停了。爬上一个大坡，已经离市区很远了，有点累，把包扔在地上，站在路边等。依旧没有车停下来。后来，一辆面包车停下来了，隔着窗问我出多少钱，可想而知，我说想搭车后又开走了。 我有点沮丧，开始怀疑，是不是我的搭车方式有问，还是，车根本就不是这么搭的？想不明白。 功夫不负有心人，大约九点半，终于又停下来一辆面包车。司机本来想跟我谈价钱，但听了我的讲述后，告诉我去大理不应该走国道，而应去高速收费站等。往前面一公里就是去高速的路口，可以载我过去。我兴奋极了，菩萨诶，终于开张了！搭一公里也是搭啊，赶紧把包丢上车。 搭我的司机是彭大哥和另一位大哥。不一会儿到了路口，下车跟他们说再见。然后沿着土路走了一段，绕到杭瑞高速/G56上，又往前走了一段，到达昆明西收费站。 站在高速路边，我心里充满期待，这里有无数辆车经过，我以为机会大大的有，马上就可以走人，结果再一次失望了。每秒钟都有好几辆车过去，但没有车停下来问津。阳光暴晒，我在路边伸着手臂，手臂都快举断了。转眼四十分钟过去了，我又开始怀疑是不是我的方式有问，于是跟眼镜牛（当时他在搭车国境线）发信息，说怎么拦车都没车停下来，咋办，眼镜牛说最好上去问，多谈谈。我想这里不是加油站，不太方便交谈，然后我又想了想，是不是司机不知道我这姿势是想搭顺风车啊？还是不知道我要去哪里就不停？于是，我掏出日记本和笔，写了两个大大的字，“大理”，平举在胸前。虽然我感觉还是有点怪，但总算表明自己的意图了。 但这块牌子也并没有让我立刻搭上车，眼看着眼前一辆辆车经过，有的司机还瞅我的牌子望了一眼，但就是没停下来。一开始我有点焦急，像热锅上的蚂蚁，毫无头绪，手臂平举着久了也酸痛不已，后来慢慢淡定下来，安慰自己，也许是缘分没到吧。 在昆明西高速收费站，在那尴尬地等车的一个小时里，我看着眼前经过的成百上千辆车，却没有属于我的缘分，直到欧大哥和黄女士的车在我旁边停下来，问我去哪里，我说去大理，他们说上车吧，那一刻，我突然有点感动，一下子参悟了搭车的真谛，“从现在开始，我开始相信缘分，有些人就是在特定场合特定时刻来让我遇见的。” 欧大哥是一名律师，黄女士是他女朋友，在法院工作，小俩口要从昆明去德宏接一件案子，会路过大理下关，于是载上了我。聊天中，他们得知了我的旅行计划，很感兴趣，不时问我一些关于西藏的问，欧大哥说还没去过西藏，想什么时候自驾带上女朋友去玩一趟。车厢里响起BEYOND的《海阔天空》，我说，我也挺喜欢这歌的，欧大哥会心一笑。 我坐在后座上，欣赏着窗外的景色，一路蓝天白云，绿色的田野和山峦，风自由地吹着，心情像天气一样好。三百公里的路程结束了，下午两点，大理下关，我下了车，告别欧大哥和黄女士，目送他们的车去德宏。谢谢你们。 在下关吃过午饭，准备坐车去大理古城，一开始走错路，问路，转车，终于到达大理古城，下午暴走大理城中各处。大理是座很漂亮的古城，但也有大多热门旅游景区的通病，人太多。 快天黑时，我准备去洱海边扎营，开始往洱海方向走。在大理城内眺望洱海，似乎很近，以为很快就能走到，但走起来才发现错了。一个多小时后，天已经黑了，我在一片水稻田中间的土路上，连洱海的影子都还没见着。白天本已负重走了一天，此时早已心力俱疲，浑身酸痛，进也不是，退也不是，人都快疯掉。错误地轻信了高原上的视觉距离，看山走死马啊。硬着头皮往前走，后来到一个叫小邑庄的村子，跟两个小孩子问路，确认没走错路。进一条窄巷，穿过村子，终于到达洱海边上。 洱海边有几个小孩子在洗澡，我选好扎营地址，几个小孩子好奇地围过来，七手八脚地帮我搭帐篷。搭好帐篷，坐在湖边发呆，过来几个散步的游客，成都的一家三口，天南海北地聊了一会天。后来村子的村长经过，也聊了一会，他说他承包了洱海的一个片区，负责清理垃圾，政府每月补助800块钱。他走的时候反复叮嘱我好几次，一定要注意安全，这里的治安并不是特别好，我点头答应。 帐篷搭在伸向湖的一条石头路上，洱海边就我一个人，有水鼓荡的声音，鱼跳动的声音，还有远处的狗吠，蒲草间的虫鸣。晚风轻轻吹着，我坐在海边的石阶上，对岸有灯火，天上有漫天星斗，除此之外，一切静极了。 那个晚上，上半夜洱海边的风特别大，由于是石头路，没法打地钉，我的帐篷晃来晃去呼啦啦直响，明显地感到被风压向了一边。挂在帐篷上的手电光也是飘摇不定，好像风雨夕的烛火。我睡在帐篷里，感觉很揪心，担心我的帐篷杆被刮断，或者外帐被风掀走，那就是个十足的杯具啊。其实晚上那个村长过来和我聊天的时候就说，晚上这里风很大，我说我一百多斤的重量压在帐篷里还能把我帐篷吹走？是的，的确是吹不走，但是风可以把我的帐篷当气球玩，一会大一会小，还玩得挺带劲。风，你能不能不要这么调皮地玩我的帐篷？我只祈祷今晚不要下雨，否则明天就会在洱海中游泳的梦境中醒来…… 结果，后半夜风就悄悄遁了去，一夜无梦到天亮。（手机照）我搭的第一辆车，司机师傅是彭大哥和另外一位不知名的大哥。在昆明城外的320国道上，从某坡顶搭我到去高速的路口，虽然只有一公里，但对我来说意义很重大。我搭的第二辆车，欧大哥和他的女朋友黄女士，从昆明西高速收费站搭我到大理下关，300公里。他们从昆明去德宏出差经过大理，载上了我。崇圣寺三塔之一崇圣寺三塔之一大理古城北门大理古城大理古城大理古城内的街道树下冥想的老者大理的洋人街大理古城的街道大理古城内，骑单车的外国美眉大理古城内的建筑古城内的流水大理五华楼城门开灯饰品店琳琅满目的灯饰大理古城地理识大理古城家家有流水户户有繁花苍山上的云徒步去洱海的路上，一片水稻田洱海边露营的夜晚洱海边的夜晚布满繁星搭车去尼泊尔（四）：洱海日出，丽江漫步，夜宿黑龙潭 D5/2011.7.25 今日行程：大理古城→丽江古城，搭车2次，里程165公里。徒步8公里。 早上天刚亮，在我露营的码头就有附近的村民前来洗衣、挑水、散步，窸窸窣窣的脚步声，没办法再睡，只好起来，拿了相机坐在洱海边等日出。我在洱海边的营地。天边现出朝霞，等待日出。洱海边的村民，在湖里捕鱼。洱海边的村庄朝霞洱海日出收拾好营地，准备启程，自拍一张上路吧，对着我的影子说。大片的稻田，穿过这片稻田，远方就是大理古城和苍山。一开始，我沿着这条土路要走回大理城内，不过半路搭上了一位大哥的车，不然要再走一个小时。 看完日出，收拾帐篷，徒步往回走，去大理古城内吃早饭。这一段土路比较长，本来至少要走一个半小时，但走了半个小时后，路上开过来一辆小车，我抱着试试看的态度招了下手，车居然停下来了。我问司机能否搭我出这段土路到公路上去，师傅答应了。运气真好，不然我还要走一个小时才能出去。 进大理古城吃了早点，又回到马路边，开始搭车去丽江。车很多，但不太好搭，我像昨天一样，写了个“丽江”的牌子举在胸前。一直等了40分钟后，杨女士的车停在我前面，搭上了我。 杨女士是丽江人，跑旅游的，女儿刚高考完毕，报的西南民族大学，她开私家车带女儿去昆明玩，今天回丽江。车子沿着盘山公路疾驶，杨女士车技确实很赞，驾轻就熟，开得既快又稳，不愧是开车跑旅游路线的司机。路上会遇到骑单车的车友，我都会在车上跟他们大声喊加油，因为我有过经历我知道，一个人骑单车走长途，尤其是在爬坡的时候，路上任何一个陌生人的鼓励都会让人觉得倍受鼓舞，觉得世界美好。曾经那些陌生人带给我的鼓励，我要把它带给每一位单车进藏者。 快到丽江的时候，路不太好，据说是因为在修机场。下午两点到了丽江市区，直奔古城。下车的时候，杨女士突然跟我说，这样吧，你还是给点油费吧，因为我们毕竟是跑旅游的。我感到有点意外，因为在大理上车的时候，我就说明了自己是搭车旅行者，而且路上我也有提到自己的计划是搭顺风车去尼泊尔。但我又想了想，没做争辩，问多少钱，她说五十，其实这个价钱相对于这段路来说很公道，即使坐大巴也要这么多钱。我付给了杨女士五十元钱。 这件事确实有点特殊。一般来说，搭车路上，如果司机停下车问你，你表明想搭车，如果他说可以，那没什么问；如果说他问你出多少钱，你可以表明自己是搭顺风车，不付钱，如果他能接受，就搭，不能接受，开车走也没什么问；又或者在实在搭不到车的情况下，花点钱也是有可能的，但之前要谈好价格。有的车是专门跑旅游的，是拉客的车，不可能免费搭你，但有的车是顺路自驾的车，可能搭你，但也可能跟你讲价钱。 就杨女士的事来说，我不能说她的行为不对，毕竟人家帮助了我，如果不是这样，也许今天我会在路边等更久，也并不是钱的问，只是之前我表明了是搭车，她也答应了，后来向我收钱，确实有点意料之外。也只能说在搭车的路上，什么情况都可能遇到。我搭的第四辆车，大理古城至丽江古城。路上遇到的运送火把的车辆。那几天正好是当地少数民族的盛大节日——火把节，这辆车后面装的就是节日用的火把。车上拍的，路边的风景。 到丽江后，进入大研古镇，找地方吃饭，之后在镇上闲逛。开始太阳挺大，后来下雨，并越下越大。我在大树下避雨，看着古街上来往的游客。丽江古城给人的第一印象：小资，美女，酒吧，客栈，庭院，各种特色小店，总之，是妞们大爱的地方，来这里的妞们，喜欢披个披肩或是穿波西米亚的长裙，一副风情万种的女文艺青年样，要不就是热裤吊带高跟鞋，大秀美腿。但有一点必须承认，美女确实很多。 在城内溜达的时候，有个年轻人叫住了我，他叫小潘，从南京过来的，大三学生，他的旅行方式跟我差不多，搭车、徒步，要到拉萨去。他出门的时候带了600块钱，7.3号从昆明出来，9号走到到丽江没钱了，就一直在古城内某酒店里打工，要到30号结账。他表示想和我一起走，问我能不能等，但我估计不太可能会在丽江呆到30号，因为计划还要去泸沽湖和虎跳峡徒步，于是我说看情况吧。相互留了手机号，随时保持联系。但其实最后小潘离开丽江走滇藏的时候一直在我前面，一直到拉萨。我们一路保持联系，他给我提供了不少有用的信息，只是后来一直没机会再碰面，他到拉萨的时候我在墨脱，我到拉萨的时候他去珠峰了，我去珠峰的时候他又回拉萨了，我再回拉萨的时候他已经回去上学了。 刚开始进入古城的时候觉得人还挺少，直到走到四方街附近，才发现游客都扎堆在这了。天还未黑，酒吧一条街已经喧闹非常。我穿过酒吧一条街，一直往黑龙潭方向走，我想在天黑之前找个合适的露营地。进入黑龙潭是需要凭借缴纳的古城维护费收据的，为了逃票，我脱掉鞋，趟过没膝的河水，借着灌木丛的掩护，进入了黑龙潭景区。在里面转了一圈，露营地址选在湖心岛上的“得月楼”下面走廊上，这里位置绝佳，既能遮风避雨，又适合取景拍照。 晚上八点多，开始搭帐篷。此时公园里还有稀稀落落的游客，有几个山东游客见我这样很好奇，问了下我的行程，觉得很神奇，要拉着我一起合影，真是受宠若惊，搞得我都有点不好意思了。 到了晚上九点二十，景区内就一个人也没有了，灯也全部熄掉了，静得连掉根针的声音都听得到。有几只不知是家猫还是野猫，在外面叫唤，被我轰走了。打开手电，在帐篷内记日记，肚子咕咕叫，想起晚上一直在找露营地，连晚饭也忘了吃，只好啃了个苹果充饥。 公园里非常静，只剩下幽蓝的湖水和漫天的星光，我出去拍了几张夜景，回来躺在帐篷里，睡不着。我能遥远地听见山下的酒吧里传来的歌声，还有人群的欢呼声，那应该是人们在火把节上围着篝火狂欢的声音，彝族、白族的火把节要持续三天，明天会更热闹。我在山上，只有静静湖水，灿烂星河，鱼跃起拨拉湖水，水鸟的呓语。不知道为什么会想起“孤单是一个人的狂欢，狂欢是一群人的孤单”这句话，真是莫名其妙。丽江的餐馆([]
久久夜靖品免费观看
刘怡发2013年将成为终生纪念的一年。经历了去年的谷底沉沦，在新年的晨光中，我向宇宙发愿：我要盛开，为来这一世的生命。神奇开始在我身边发生：想清明出去玩，最后一天最后一个被的组织收留；想被拍几张美照，便有摄影师举着长枪出现在对面。连清晨跑步时心里哼的歌，都会从转弯的小店里传出同一段曲调。5月初的一天，偶然在群里撞见新疆博格达雪山的照片，即使在这一刻，它依然深深吸引着我，如同初见。 当机缘来临，生命中激起闪亮的光环，你需要平日里积攒的勇气，跳起来抓住它，坚持做自己。发片的是Jack，一位细心、负责、心怀美景的不喜欢做头儿的头驴，他准备安排自己端午节独自去博格达。小碗：“我想去博格达。”Jack：“这个线路不适合你。”小碗：“你说了不算，你又不是这个活动的领队。”Jack：“……”。以沉默拒绝，人家本来就想独享这场雪山盛宴，他还是把8264招集贴链接给了我。兴奋地看了贴子报了名,管他批不批，先开始体能训练。一直嘴上很喜欢运动却不常行动的我，始无前例地主动积极，上午就完成了买健身卡、报名等手续，还制定了准备计划：早上跑步、下午游泳、周末参加浦东徒步，其它时间都在购置装备。虽然我的人生第一次重装徒步离真正成行还重重困难，运动我总是喜欢的。它让我感受到五脏六腑四肢肌体的伸缩与渗透，运动本身就是件快乐的事情。报名一直未批。十天后夜晚，接到新疆领队零的电话。零：“身高、体重”小碗：“***、**”（自知长得像豆芽菜，心里凉了半截）零：“瘦的反而体力好（我的小心脏啊），你们家住几楼？”小碗：“一楼和二楼”（是不是太矮了？要考验从高楼往下飞降的功夫？脑子里浮现的是黑衣帅哥双手把住绳子从高耸的楼顶跳跃式滑落的电影场景）零：“你周围有没有高楼，爬30楼，考验时间7分钟。”小碗：“还下来不？”零：“只计算爬上去的。”（估计零队想：这个不知天高地厚的）第二天清早来到小区最高一幢楼22楼，我计算着：爬到22楼，停秒表，乘电梯下到14楼，开秒表，再爬到22楼。带着芮克式呼吸开始起步，调整节奏，步长，放松充能……时间4’27（哈哈哈），大腿的酸胀感走到家里时已基本消失，为自己的体力感到惊喜。迫不及待地把这个好消息告诉零队，收到回复：“你比我还快！”暗自窃喜，以为大功告成，还没等到喜上眉梢，第二天一早收到零的QQ。零：听说你是坐电梯上去的！（表情：发怒）小碗：谁说的？（表情：发发怒）零：Jack小碗：我要和他PK，时间：随时随地；地点：金茂大厦。Jack一如往常冷静地回复了我：爬楼梯这个测试不好，要测就测跑10公里，1小时内跑完算你合格。不管领队答没答应，你得按照这个准去储备身体能力才行。你要对自己负责。 沸腾了两周的空气开始冷却下来，面前这个七级重装高海拔徒步的含义显出端倪。高海拔：意味着我可能高反，头痛、胸闷、乏力，缺氧使人四肢无力、步履艰难。重装：背60L大包，15公斤以内。七级路线：新疆小羊军团线路级别划分为3-9级。本次全程55公里左右，每天行进约15公里，登上碎石达板，脚下的碎石和巨石，随时可能伤害你的脚。冰川路况很差，北坡冰川有许多暗藏的冰裂缝，非常危险。眼前的我，从未去过高海拔，平时拎手提包都嫌重，下盘不稳，爬杭州北高峰跟不上的倒数第二名。我去了可能会拖团队的后腿，因为等我延误时间到达营地；还有可能体力不支而下撤，队友送我回程而无法继续向前进；还可能走不动让队友分担背包，增加他人的负担；还可能需要队友的照顾，让他人无法完整享受徒步的乐趣。“我去了会是个负担”——一股强烈的窒息感扑面而来，直接掉进小时候被父母当作“负担”的痛苦记忆中。一直以来，我在团队中很难找到价值感，这一次我也不知道能为他人做什么。低自我价值感让我退缩，不想为满足自己，影响一行人雪山追梦的愿望。我提出放弃。Jack如是说：我感动于你们为了目那份坚持和努力，去博格达雪山是你们的梦想，我不能决定你们能不能去，但不管你们通过没通过，我始终不会把你们当作负担，始终做好了你们会同行的思想准备。第一次高海拔重装徒步献给博格达，是我的幸运；同时接纳两个第一次高海拔重装徒步新驴同行的人，拥有非凡的勇气。博格达，我们来了！ 第一天，儿童公园→三个山村→水闸→1号羊圈→大石头→2号羊圈，当日行程1.5小时，4公里，攀升400米 15：00乌鲁木齐市儿童公园集合，领队零、协作火星和石榴籽、各地驴友，浩浩荡荡23人的队伍乘着大巴出发了。大伙不加掩饰地兴奋着，自我介绍时每个人脸上闪烁着窗外太阳般的光彩。4小时后我们换乘了这辆大卡车。 那场面简直像是激情燃烧的岁月，众人如同胸前戴着大红花参军的新兵，朝气蓬勃、身姿矫健翻上卡车。一路颠簸，一路欢腾，一刹车，便像塔米诺骨牌般倒成一串。两旁寂寞的村庄，无聊的尘土也被我们的欢乐激得漫天飞扬。 2小时后到达目的地1号羊圈。下了车，背起包，感到有些沉。心情开始紧张，真正的考验开始了。刚走了一小段，就感到呼吸困难，继续走，觉得气不够，腿累。越走越觉得吸气不够，紧张在身体里蔓延，停下来，深深地呼吸，走两步仍然气喘得厉害。还要表现镇定，生怕让旁边的人看出来。这才刚走几步，我就走不动了啊……高反？怎么办？偷偷回头往山下看，车早就回去了，我也不可能走得回去呀。一瞬间，恐慌升起欲哭无泪。硬着头皮往前走，从四步一呼吸，调整为三步，二步、一步。半小时后，呼吸逐渐恢复正常，脑子里想起来之前听说，第一天晚到营地1小时的要劝退。于是，大跨步往前走，只为证明自己是可以的，与先头部队一起到达营地。蹦蹦跳跳地跑到零队面前说：“这下你放心了吧。”零不语，皱着黑黑的眉头看着我，后几天无限印证了这一眼包含的意义深邃经验独道。 帐篷散落在山谷中，像盛开的花。夜幕时分，各式锅、炉、刀、筷铺开一地，油、盐、酱、料样样齐全，大厨骆驼、火星、么么鱼、也曾，二厨零、夏花、不离不弃、数钱粉等等墨登场。厨房能力发育不全的我在一旁欣赏着他们的专注和喜悦，好奇地问着这个是什么那个干什么用。菜品丰富得超出想象：蒜苔火腿、五香磨菇、青椒牛肉、番茄炒蛋、蒜香卷心菜、粽子、蜜豆甜品、香肠煲饭……至少漏写10样。火星背的西瓜展示了他强壮的体魄，石榴籽掏出的山竹让人大吃一惊，这么皮重心少的水果也可以背上来？！一切可口美味！尽情享受着美食的我一时忘记了馕中羞涩。临行前零队一再强调食物要减负，说自己只带面条和馕，我信以为真，也算顺水推舟，想少背一点保持体力。所背的食物清单：PowerBar能量棒（不顶饿，但天天行军没感到腰酸背痛，不知与它是否有关？）PowerBar能量胶（又甜又腻，作用不大）Nuun电解质泡腾片（这个东东维持我的嘴第4天才开始起泡）葡萄糖（它每天和泡腾片、热水一起伴我度过困难时光）蛋白粉（强烈推荐，如果没有它日子更不好过）巧克力（可可含量75%以上有用）糖果（回上海发现包里剩下一堆）速食汤（用来煮面条的次选，首选当然是咸菜、白菜和西红柿）胶原蛋白粉（如果你和我一样爱美，必带）再加上与上海同行JACK、海宝在匆忙中购买的馕、面条、苹果4个、黄瓜、鹿肉罐头，这些是4天我们三个人的全部食物：早餐煮泡馕、午餐能量棒、晚餐速食汤煮面。近处传来整整肉香，促使化缘成为每顿饭的必修功课。化缘的大部分工作落在JACK身上，看着他一次次把食物分给我和海宝，从未抱怨。其中酸楚，不堪回首。 吃饭时最爱听到骆驼温软的声音：“小碗，来坐这里”。赶紧拿碗，排排吃菜。喜欢接过夏花递来的火腿；石榴籽的粽子；瑛子称自己喝不完的麦片；火星让我尝一尝的新菜……还有许多看到我矜持地站在一旁主动伸出的手。泪流满面。晚餐一直延续到星星铺满夜空，像不散的宴席。众人把酒高歌，清雪起舞助兴，朋友一生一起走，一句话，一辈子，一生情，一杯酒。 第二天，2号羊圈→4号羊圈→三个岔瀑布→1号冰湖→碎石达板→2号冰湖→登山大本营。当日行程15公里，攀升900米。新疆辖三山夹两盆（昆仑山脉、天山山脉、阿勒泰山脉、塔里木盆地、准葛尔盆地）地域宽广，地形地貌种类繁多，徒步资源异常丰富。五月底至七月初，是新疆2000-3000米的春季，届时万物复苏、草木兴盛，鲜花草地羊群遍布山野，可以体验在荒漠草原、高山草原、高山荒漠带、沼泽湿地、高原草甸、雪岭云杉森林、冰湖、冰川、瀑布、碎石达坂、卵石河床………徒步的盛景。 徒步不是目的，是一种生活。这一点像禅。碎石达板的石头每一块都是不一样的，牢固与松动随时可能发生变化。此时你听不到四周的声音，那跟自己无关；看不到周边的景物，景物也跟自己无关。你只与身体、呼吸和脚下这一块石头同在。当你停下来，抬起头，世界就在你的眼前。 沿途各式奇特的地貌植被，起伏的山脊、紫色的石头、独特的小花吸引着你。如果一路走一路看风景，可能将失去充足的时间去领略最壮观的景致。学习放弃，同时认为我值得拥有。懂得区分二者，是我当下的功课。上天慈悲眷顾让我拥有美、智慧、爱与被爱、自由、健康、快乐、富足。合十感恩。 如果你心里一直掂记着追赶前人的脚步，或者达到目，不妨也可以尝试按照自己的节奏走，在自己生命道路上划出独特的志，没有对错，不做比较。这一段走在前面的人，或许下一段走在后面。也许，他走在前面只想体验追风的畅快，落在后面是留念与山峰的对望。向前走，休息时别忘记回头，你走过的路就是绝美的风景。 照片虽然很美，远不及你眼睛看到1号冰湖。“其形也，翩若惊鸿，婉若游龙，荣曜秋菊，华茂春松。仿佛兮若轻云之蔽月，飘飘兮若流风之回雪。”左边的雪山像一位守护将军，忠诚而痴情地保护着她。 博格达是个很年青的神，唇红齿白，英俊潇洒。他看着我，我望着他，他说：“我爱你”。欣喜若狂。 博格达峰海拔高度虽然并不惊人，但登山难度绝非寻常。在主峰的东西，分别排列着7座5000米以上的高峰。博格达峰山体陡峭，西坡与南坡坡度达70—80度，只有东北坡坡度稍缓，因此，该峰虽然在1980年以前就有英国和前苏联登山队前来攀登，但直到1981年6月9日，才由日本京都队11人开创登顶纪录。博格达峰是由3个峰尖紧依并立而成，终年冰雪皑皑，世称“雪海"。登山大本营建在博格达峰的脚下海拔3580米处，三位香港登山者和日本登山者白水小姐的墓就在这里。扎好帐篷，吃完饭，令人头痛的问又来了。昨晚就一夜没睡着，睁着眼睛不如闭着眼睛，数完绵羊数星星；想做深呼吸放松，怕声音太大惊扰旁人；想出去跑两步，担心冷而且动静更大。睡不着还不敢动，日子真不好过。刚打个盹儿，神经像一条被人拽着的线，忽地一拉又清醒过来。反反复复。今晚要是再睡不着的话，明天肯定没体力走路了。焦虑啊……焦虑啊……想办法啊……想办法啊，最后鼓足勇气拉同伴陪我聊天，聊到睡着为止，最后话都说不动了，还是睡不着。 第三天，登山大本营→简单达板4150米→最近距离接近博格达主峰→北坡冰川→3号冰湖。当日行程15公里，攀升600米，下降950米。清早，忽然下起了雪粒，沙沙地从灰朦朦的天空上倾盆而下，一会子功夫就妆扮我们的帐篷。刚拔营，又来一场雨，冲锋衣袖子没挺多久就感到潮湿，这次因为准备工作太多没时间换件新装备，幸而雨停了，不然后果难以想象。 出发前集体聚餐会上，零队语重心长地说：“考核你们的体能，有些人被我拒绝不让他来，是觉得山友来一趟不容易，我们来博格达不是为了一路傻走，你走完之后还要有精力欣赏风景。”这段话一路体会深刻。休息的时光是珍贵的，对我这个走慢的人更算忙碌：休息、补给、整理、拍照、社交，常常顾这头顾不了那头。因为会走在队伍后面，到了休息点，队伍已经差不多开拔。这个苹果每到休息时我就掏出来啃，要吃整整一天，是重要的VC和纤维素的补给。我的包确定是全队最轻的。每当GG们不经意地帮忙拎起来，便会大呼：这是谁的包，这么轻。我立刻出现在他面前，食指挡嘴“嘘……”，相视一笑，心照不宣。即便如此，我一蹲下便会被大包牵引得自然往后倒，每每一小摔还需要整力气让自己重新站坐起来。非常钦佩瑛子、三千小时、清雪背着帐篷大单反走完全程。增肥成为我的渴望。 博格达峰。其海拔5445米，坐落在东经88.3度，北纬43.8度，属新疆阜康境内。在天山的诸多主峰之中，博格达并非最高，其海拔高度也仅能排名第三，然而它的名气却远在诸峰之上。博格达峰长期以来，在西部各民族的心目中，博格达是最富有神性的山峰，它一直被人们视为神灵之宅、紫气之源而加以膜拜。博格达一词就是出自蒙语，“神之居所”之意，一说为“香雪海”之意。 今天的路最艰苦，但也是最壮观、最精彩的一天，最近距离接近博格达主峰。看到高高的简单达板时，我已经走累了。零队全副武装拿着冰镐在前面探路，打开隐藏的深不见底的冰裂缝。数钱、翅膀与他绑在一根绳子上保护安全。我们沿着脚印深一步浅一步在雪地里往前走。坡度很陡，雪地很滑，好几次滑得站不住，幸好骆驼帮我顶住脚，才没有像其它队员那样滚出好几米。雪山丫口的风光甚好，但没有人在那里留停。风太大，衣服也汗湿了，直接往下坡走。 前方是看不见尽头的冰川。疲惫不堪的我挪动着双腿，冰层的厚薄随时都在变化，一步踩在冰上，一步踩在冰水里。大脑一片空白，身上很冷很冷，心感到冰凉，反应麻木，坐在冰川中间，感觉不到休息。Jack说：“我可以帮你背包走10米。”这句话让我明白大家都累了，必须靠自己走下去。身上又有了一点儿劲，站起来背着包继续往前走。眼前白灰茫茫的天地，隐隐约约看见一个橙色的身影站在不远的地方，走近了，橙色往前移动几米；再走近，它继续移动。它就是我的目，往前走只为能走到它那里。我不知道营地在哪里，只知道走到橙色的地方一定能到达营地。海宝哥停下来想陪我，Jack让他先到达营地，不能两个都倒下。冰川的后面是碎石大坡，呼吸非常细弱，眼睛只能看清前面一二米的地方，所有精神都集中在脚下的这一块石头上。我明白，如果这时候踩不稳崴脚，或者摔下去，对自己对队伍都是危险的。Jack仍然站在不近不远的地方，一直没有讲话。辩析声音对我来说是分神的举动，我需要全然专注在自己身上。火星过来说：“你把包放下，我回来背”。Jack谢绝了，事后他说这样做是为了成全我。我不能给火星添这么大负担，倒回来背包再走回去。Jack的好意我心领神会。营地在3号冰湖旁，到达时又开始全身发冷。天空下起大雨，木然不知的我地坐石头上等帐篷搭起，连去零队那里取葡萄糖水的力气也没有了。一头扎进帐篷，穿着羽絨服裹着两床睡袋还觉得背脊冰凉。朦胧中被人扶起喝了一杯东西，睡过去。不知多久，又被扶起喂了几口面。隐隐约约听到有人说：“你和海宝哥从来没受过这种苦”。这声音像从天上传出来的，他的身体已很疲惫，还掂记我们的苦，温暖、细心地照顾着同伴们。很感动。这一晚睡得很好。 第四天，3号冰湖→4号冰湖→小草原→绝望坡→白杨河沟口。当日行程20公里，下降1700米。雨过天晴，重获新生。清晨，看着海宝哥生龙活虎地从帐篷里钻出来，大声地说：“幸亏昨天Jack给我灌的药，马上就睡着，不然就完蛋了”。大家无恙，真开心，三个人吃着馕也觉得香甜。 出山的路很奇丽，经过了仙境般的湖泊，走过了“一脚踩到15朵花”的草原，旁边的峡谷奔腾咆哮着河流，挚爱的森林流过潺潺小溪。连最后把我走趴下的哈萨克人村庄也是美的。火星还是实现了帮我背包的愿望，他的话给我很大鼓励：“我知道你是可以背着包走完全程的，只是我希望快一点才帮你背包的。如果没有这一点，我会让你自己走下去。”石榴籽一路用她那娇滴滴的娃娃音坚强地陪伴我走完最后一段，“转弯就到”是她说得最多的话。终于，看见树下那群熟悉的身影们，跨进终点一刹那多么想倒进一个坚实而温暖的拥抱中，可惜没有人给我，此行唯一遗憾，大伙儿下次记得补上哈。 欢呼……庆祝……车厢变成移动的Party场。语言在此时显得馈乏。我当时低着头在做什么？为什么没有站起来欢呼？如果上天再给我一次机会，我要坐到椅子的靠背上，扬起那晒红的脸蛋，高举着长脖子酒瓶，跟每个人碰击，狠狠地吹一瓶。白色的天山山脉依恋在车窗外，连绵不绝。零队说：“看，你们凭着自己的毅力走过那一片山。”自豪感顿时贯满全身。 我在旅途中没有带相机，只是用心去感受。所有照片均来自于整个团队的摄影师们，包括史瑞克和清雪的游记中。一路共渡生命历程，相互鼓励，分享喜乐的XDJM们，千言万语。 直到现在，我都不知觉自己去过那片西域仙境，但是我的确到了那里，看见了世界的另一面。做自己，可能会让你经历跌宕起伏怀疑不安。回头看，你终将为自己能做成的事感到骄傲！ 我来了，如同从未来过。 我爱你，如同没有爱过。 泪珠儿变成雪花伏在你的身上， 你的雄伟与俊秀不因它而更美，或丑陋。 鸟儿飞过天空不会留下痕迹， 连惊鸿一瞥都随风带走。 我存在于我的生命里， 奇峰幻景已化作呼吸相伴。 前世有约， 相遇便好。 （ 全文完）([]
天天躁日日躁天天噪天
杨坚琳序……….“到处流浪， 命运唤我奔向远方， 我看这世界像沙漠， 它四处空旷没人烟…… 到处流浪…… ”。 一首《拉兹之歌》，让多少人对印度向往，就是这部印度电影，在中国大陆首先揭开了印度神秘的面纱。让无数人梦寐中或多或少带上了印度情结，什么时候能有机会去到那个并不遥远的国度，亲耳聆听那曼妙婉转的歌声；亲眼目睹那阿娜多姿的舞蹈；亲身感受那美丽迷人的印度姑娘……。随着国门的打开，蜂拥而出的中国人，开始漫向世界各地。印度的一切又逐次在中国人的眼前清晰起来；那无数精美的古代建筑、壮丽的泰姬陵和它美妙的故事传说、一千多年前的性文化雕塑群、多次荣登世界小姐宝座的印度姑娘、加上印度的脏、乱、差…….这一切让印度更加神秘、更加不可思议。2013年9月初，一个偶然的机会，到印度自助游去，变成了我的旅游计划。时间；2013年9月到2013年10月21日；内容；制定自助游路线。筹备所需资料和物品。 参考去过印度的旅游攻略和印度文化建筑介绍。大致决定在印度自助游从东面的加尔各答开始，历时22天。到达最西面的阿姆利则后返回德里离开。具体路线如下；加尔各达（Kolkata）————菩提迦叶（BodhGaya）——————瓦纳拉西（VaranASI）————克久拉霍（Khajuraho）————阿格拉（Agra）————斋普尔（Jaipur）————乌代普尔（Udaipur）————热那克普（Rannakpur）————焦德普尔（Jodhpur）————杰沙梅尔（杰伊瑟尔梅尔Jaisalmer）———比卡内尔（Bikaner）————阿姆利则（Amritsar火车先到JALANDHAR贾朗达尔后，再转LOCAL BUS）————德里（New Delhi）印度自助游有关准备工作；换汇；印度很多城市可使用信用卡。中国人的习惯都是带上现金。那就在银行调换好美金备用。但，印度的换汇比率随时在变化。可根据自己的需要兑换成印度卢比（Rs）。我在印度期间兑换率是；10月23日在加尔各答机场，100$==5597Rs.10月24日在加尔各答萨德街上的换汇点，100$==6010Rs.10月25日在菩提迦叶100$==6050Rs.11月6日在焦德普尔100$==6020Rs。 11月13日在德里100$==6050Rs.相比之下，在到达印度机场时最好不换汇，那个差别实在太大了。出了机场到了市区，随便找家换汇点先换部分，以后随时可以在所到城市换取Rs使用。2， 证；印度的证在亚洲国家里相对比较麻烦比较烦琐。个人旅游证需要提供如下资料；（1）、护照原件：（六个月零十天以上有效期）。（2）照片：2张白底彩照，5cm * 5cm正方形，(同美国证照片尺寸一样，需露耳朵，不接受扫描或不清晰的照片)。（3）存款证明：人民币一万元以上的银行存款证明原件（至少四个月冻结期）（4）、公司在职证明（英文版）（5）、身份证复印件：1份，正反面复印到一张纸上，（6）、个人证申请表（可在网上搜索下载）。印度出入境卡；印度出入境卡； 印度一般是有效期三个月，30天的旅游证。网上有专门办代理证的公司。但费用比较高。可在网上查讯，有要690元的，有要850元的，还有喊价1500元的。我请北京的一个朋友帮我代办的证，是她亲自把材料送到印度使馆，30天的旅游证371元。这位朋友已只是在网上认识尚未谋面的朋友。网名彩云游子。帮忙如此热心，让我好生感激，不知有没有机会报答这位朋友这份情谊。 证办好后，最好把你的护照首页和证页复印若干份，在印度买火车票和住宿都需要护照复印件和证复印件。你可根据你在印度旅游的时间来决定复印多少份为宜。3，交通；在印度国内旅行，铁路四通八达，价格非常便宜，所以，坐火车是在印度国内旅行的首选。火车有很多等级，Superfast, Fast, Express, Passenger。等级不同票价不同，车体的新旧也不同。应尽量避免Passenger，这种普客又挤又慢，车厢十分破旧。车票也分为很多级别。有2nd Class Chair（硬座）；2nd Class Sleeper（硬卧）；2nd A/C( 空调硬卧)，和1st A/C(空调软卧)等。空调车舒适度好，价格可能是2nd Class Sleeper的2-3倍左右，车上提供饮料和餐食，通常是印度富裕人士和外国游客乘坐。火车售票分为售票处（BOOKING OFFICE）和预售处（RESERVATION OFFICE），一些大站（如新德里）有专门的外国人售票处（International Tourist Bureau），可是有的International Tourist Bureau不售票，只提供咨询和休息，买车票去RESERVATION OFFICE。在德里、加尔各答、孟买等大城市购买火车票比较紧张，不大容易买到当天或第二天的火车票，如有可能最好在国内出发前就先定好在印度国内旅行的火车票。但一般中小城市买火车票还是很容易，很多城市还专门有外国人购买火车票的窗口和侯车室。这是购买印度火车票的印度铁路官方网站；https//www.irctc.co.in/。火车站内常用设施中英文对照：火车站在印度习惯讲：RailwayStation上铺〈UB〉、中铺〈MB〉、下铺〈LB〉，以及靠走道的上铺〈SU〉与下铺〈SL〉，火车问讯处：Enquiry或Railway Information 站台：plantform存包的地方：cloak room女士候车室：Lady’s Waiting room 车掌：TTE, Train Ticket Examiner候车室：Waiting room（通常有浴室和厕所）高等级车票候车室：upper class waiting room（一般指3A以上级别。印度人不是这个档次车票不会进来。您是老外，别管你拿什么级别车票，进去再说）普通卧铺候车室：sleeper class waiting room（人比较多，也比较脏）休息室：Retiring Room餐厅：refreshment room 查票：ticket checker 还要多少时间How many more times 来回机票；去印度肯定要考虑买好来回的机票，有很多这方面的攻略。主要是能买到最便宜的机票可以为你的旅行节省不少的银子，请要去的朋友最好提前半年留意机票信息，争取定到最便宜的来回机票。汽车；印度的汽车相对比火车贵点。下列是印度北部主要城市间距离和汽车价格（长途客车）。乌代普尔——阿格拉 630KM12小时180Rs乌代普尔——孟买 730KM16小时200Rs乌代普尔——德里 670KM14小时200Rs乌代普尔——斋普尔 406KM9小时 200Rs乌代普尔——焦特布尔 275KM 8小时 110Rs乌代普尔——科塔 6小时110Rs乌代普尔——阿埠山 7小时 100Rs 4，住宿;印度现在随旅游业的发达。住宿非常方便。每个城市乃至有景点的乡村都有高档的星级宾馆和家庭式小旅社、和类式青年旅社那样的小客栈。我个人不很喜欢住高档的酒店。这种地方，人与人之间的关系比较冷漠，无法真正接触和感知所在国家的真实状况、找不到贴近当地人生活的感觉。我比较喜欢家庭式的小旅社，小客栈。这样的地方有它独特的装修风格，甚至墙上有大量来往人员的涂鸦。住在这样的地方，你可以和老板、老板娘亲密接触。他们已多半有问必答，热心地为你帮忙和力尽所能的指点你怎样在这里玩的舒服。和大酒店比起来，这种地方价格非常便宜。哪怕你在旅馆里蒙头大睡几天，已不会心痛每天帐单上增加的银子数。 5，印度的饮食特点；A，糊状菜；如果说中国菜的特点是“清清白白”，色香味三者，色是摆在第一位的，因好看可以激发食欲；印度菜的特点则是“糊糊涂涂”，各种主菜都放一大把咖喱粉，看起来都一个颜色。荤菜不亲口尝一尝，很难区分是什么肉类；蔬菜也是捣成糊状，搁些咖喱。在中国人看来，长时间的煮熬使维生素尽失，令人觉得可惜，印度人则乐此不疲。说印度菜把香放在首位恐怕并不过分。不过，印度菜的香并非中国人所习惯闻的那种香味，而是太香了；印度菜的辣味也并非中国人所习惯的咸辣、酸辣或麻辣，而是“冲”鼻子的辛辣，许多中国人恐怕一时难以适应。 B，吃素；印度虔诚的佛教徒和印度教徒都是素食主义者，耆那教徒更是严格吃素，吃素的人占印度人口一半以上，因此，印度是典型的素食王国，素食文化是印度饮食文化中最基本的特色之一。 C，手抓饭；多数印度人，包括上流社会的人通常习惯用手抓饭吃。印度人进餐时一般是一只盘子、一杯凉水，把米饭和饼放在盘内，菜和汤浇在上面。印度人的主食主要是米饭和饼，他们喜欢吃的并非中国人的白米饭，而是把饭煮熟后，放些油和调料，饭的颜色呈黄色，或者同别的什么菜炒在一块。用手把菜和饭混在一起，在盘里搅拌几下，抓起来捏一捏，然后送进口内。 D，不抽烟不喝酒；受宗教禁忌的影响，印度人几乎不喝酒，嗜酒成瘾者或酒量很大者极少，从未见过印度人一饮而尽地干杯，也从未见过有人行酒令或醉倒过。印度抽烟的人极少，公务往来和红白喜事，从未有人敬烟。印度的烟仅10支装，印度人口袋里装一包烟、一个打火机的不多，一些烟民宁愿买一支抽一支。 E，香辣咖喱唱主角： 印度人做菜用得最多、最普遍的是咖喱粉。咖喱粉是用胡椒、姜黄和茴香等20多种调料合成的一种香辣调味品，呈黄色粉末状。印度饮食文化也可以称为咖喱文化，这种饮食文化以香辣味道为特色。人们谈到印度饭，首先想到的十之八九是咖喱饭。咖喱饭可以是素食，也可以是荤食；可以是米饭，也可以是面食。印度人对咖喱粉可谓情有独钟，几乎每道菜都用，咖喱鸡、咖喱鱼、咖喱土豆、咖喱菜花、咖喱汤等等，每个经营印度饭菜的餐馆都飘着一股咖喱味。 F，野味无人敢问津 在许多中国人看起来是美味佳肴的东西，印度人基本上不吃。印度没有野味店，不仅野味无人问津，就是蟮鱼、泥鳅、甲鱼、乌龟、蛇这些东西，印度人也不吃，至于吃狗肉、猫肉、鸽子肉等，更是想都不敢想的事。印度人基本上不吃各种肉类的下水内脏，因而价格便宜得不可思议，有的几乎等于不要钱。例如，5个卢比(相当于1元钱人民币)可以买到1公斤鸡爪。在印度可以看到和边几斤重的大鱼就在岸边游来游去，伸手可捉，但却无人问津。 G，印度菜的特点就是糊状菜，而且还加以各种色素，黄的汤，绿的糊，红的泥。如果没有一段时间的适应，是很难习惯的。此外，无论在家庭还是餐馆，印度人认为生水是最好的饮料，餐桌上总会有一杯凉水。印度主要食物列表： Dal：是主要的素食菜之一，由几种大豆混合香料，经长时间熬制而成。 Tandoori：印度式的烘烤。 Lassi：印度酸奶。印度甜品：香浓甜滑，非常值得品尝。 Chutney：印度小蘸料，微酸中带点薄荷的香味。 ， 6 ，语言：印度民族众多，语言复杂，据统计，印度共有1652种语言和方言。其中使用人数超过百万的达33种。英语在印度很有影响。除宪法规定的18种语言为联邦官方语言外，还规定英语为行政和司法用语。英语和印地语同为官方语言。北印度语言主要包括印地语和乌尔都语等。南印度语言主要有泰米尔语、泰卢固语等。印度东北地区语言主要包括那加语和米佐语等。印度中部地区主要有桑塔尔语、蒙达语等。还有安达曼语，主要流行于安达曼群岛。下面是印地语中常用单词的谐音。（仅供参考）。你好 那玛斯第 对不起；察玛加里伍。 谢谢，达尼亚哇多。 请，哥利比亚。 是；哈伍。 不是，那兴伍。男，布鲁丝. 女，斯多里.少女，拉鲁奇。 青年，拉里加。 小孩，巴查亚。单人房，埃克 比得 哇拉。 双人 多比得哇拉。 钱，巴伊沙。 价钱，达姆. 结帐，希沙布。 吃饭，加纳。洗手间，巴多鲁姆多伊拉特。 计程车，塔克西。船， 那乌。 列车，托里伊伍. 飞机， 夏哇伊 渣哈子。 商店，多卡伍。 邮局，坡斯特奥费斯。 银行，巴伍克。医生，多可塔。 警务督察，波里斯。日本人， 渣巴尼 印度人，兴多士塔尼。 东，布拉布。 南，达克西伍。 西，巴斯千姆。 北，沃太鲁。 左，巴埃伍。 右，达希纳。 星期一，苏姆哇尔。 星期二，码葛鲁哇尔 星期三，布多哇尔。 星期四，格鲁哇尔。 星期五，苏克鲁哇尔 星期六，谢尼哇尔。星期日，拉布伊哇尔1，埃克。 2，多。 3，添伍。4，查尔。5，巴伍。6，千。 7，沙特。 8，阿特。9，娜乌。10，达斯。100，斯乌。你叫什么名字？ 阿布加 卡亚那母 哈伊？你好吗？ 阿布加卡亚哈鲁哈伊？我很好，多谢。马因地哥夫达尼亚圭多。我叫张三。 米拉那母张三哈伊。 再见吧， 费路米丽伍葛。这是什么？伊埃期亚哈伊？ 不知道。 巴塔那兴。可不可以和你照张像？ 期亚玛因阿布卡弗多理鲁伍？印度是非常好的地方！ 姆谢巴拉多拍沙得哈伊！有房间吗？ 卡母拉哈伊卡亚？ 洗手间在哪儿？ 拉巴多里卡哈哈伊？请给我看菜单， 曼纽的卡地尖。 给我红茶， 玛因查埃布因格。很好吃， 巴付伊阿查拉格。 结帐。 比鲁的尖。想去医院。 荷士比塔渣那哈伊。 请叫医生。 大格塔布拉的谢伊。不太舒服。 塔比亚多的克那兴哈伊。什么时间出发？ 格鲁希期多你巴谢求弟哥。这是哪儿？ 伊埃卡亚渣那渣塔夫伍？ 请便宜点。 加姆加路那阿。请带我去成都酒店。 姆谢成都荷塔尔来查罗。我想去成都。 姆谢成都渣那哈伊。 这个多少钱？ 伊斯加达姆卡亚哈伊？不要。 那希伍查亚伊埃。 太多了。 伊埃巴好托渣达哈伊。请给我一点点。 托拉沙的伊芬。 这个好。 姆谢伊埃拍沙得哈伊。这个不合适我。 姆谢伊埃拍沙得那希伍。我要买纺织品。 玛因里斯面加布拉加里多纳察哈他。请给我看这条K金项链。 苏耐期伊埃马拉地加伊埃。有没有钻石戒指？ 阿布朗巴斯希里期阿达地伊哈伊？你住在哪里？ 阿布加汗拉希地哈伊伍？我住在成都。 马因成都面拉希达芬伍。7，电话；目前印度有14家移动运营商经营移动电话业余。印度移动电信市场竞争激烈，排名随时在变换。2012年底的排名是；Idea拥有5590万用户，BSNL为5520万。 其次是巴帝电信（Bhart Airtel）；沃达丰爱莎（VodafoneEssar）。在CDMA领域排名靠前的还有Reliance、BSNL、塔塔电信（Tata Teleservices）等，它们均同时运营GSM/CDMA双网。在印度购买移动电话卡，最好买排名靠前的移动运营商的卡，这些公司在印度国内几乎每个乡镇都有维护网点。便于调整你所使用的移动卡任何问。有的小的移动运营商，即使其所销售的卡要便宜些，但如是打电话或上网有什么障碍，很难在你所在的城市找到该公司的维护网点，那卡就等于白买了。 8 ，费用；我10月23日晚上到达印度加尔各答。11月14日从德里离开，在印度境内呆了23天。除去来回机票不计。所花费用主要是；A，住宿，3800RS。（火车上渡过4个晚上，在火车站渡过2个晚上，在阿姆利则金庙免费住了1个晚上。实际只住了15夜。） B，景点门票；3000RS。（其中最贵的是泰姬陵750RS。最不值得的是德里的贾玛清真寺300RS。其他大多是200RS以下。） C，吃；我在印度用在吃上的钱不多，除了个别情况外，一般每顿200RS，就够了。在印度最奢侈的一顿是在千柱庙出来，吃了一顿自助餐，每人320RS。大约每天伙食费在600RS，23天在吃上用去13800RS。还包含每天必吃的酸奶。 D，行；在印度坐了七段火车，4200RS。从菩提迦叶到瓦纳拉西、乌代普尔到焦德普尔、比卡内尔到阿姆利则这三段坐的长途汽车，共用3100RS。坐tutu 车用去2500RS。交通费用合计9800RS。E，其他杂用；电话卡、小费、水果4500RS。在印度23天，除去机票不算，总共花费34900RS。折合人民币3500元左右。 9，印度人的习俗； A，印度人是用摇头表示赞同，用点头表示不同意。人们用手抓耳朵表示自责；召唤某人的动作是将手掌向下摆手指，但不能只用一个指头；指人时也要用整个手掌，不能用一两个指头。 B，印度人大多习惯用传统的佛教手势－－双手合十。互相问好祝安。双手合十时，把双手举到脸部前才算合十。这种招呼，显得比握手高尚、文雅。注意切莫在双手合十的时候，也同时点头,容易引起当地人的嗤笑,那就破坏了亲切和气的气氛,显得有点不伦不类了。 C，印度人吃饭，习惯用手抓捏饭揉成团送进口里。但必须是用右手。给别人递食物、餐具，更得用右手。这是因为人们认为右手干净。 D，公共厕所，按当地的习惯，只要有墙的地方就是厕所。甚至在Varanasi人头攒动的大街上都可以随时面对墙方便。印度人大便后不用纸，而用左手沾水擦洗。所以千万不要用左手递食物给印度人，不要用左手和印度人握手。E，切莫抚摸小孩的头，头部是人体最高的部分,也是人体中最神圣无比的部分,尤其是孩子的头,被视为神明停留之处,所以,在任何情况之下绝不允许触摸。切莫对印度人吹口哨，那是冒犯人的举动，是没有教养的表现。 F，印度妇女喜欢在前额中间点有吉祥痣，其颜色不同，形状各异，在不同情况下表示不同意思，它是喜庆、吉祥的象征。印度男女多有配带各种装饰品的习惯。 G，印度人走进寺庙或厨房之前，先要脱鞋。穿鞋进去，既不礼貌，也不圣洁。不论男女老幼，统统把鞋放在门口，赤脚进去。 P，讳白色，习惯用百合花作悼念品。他们忌讳弯月图案，视1、3、7为不吉祥数字，和印度人交谈，要回避有关宗教矛盾、和巴基斯坦的关系、中印冲突、工资以及两性关系的话。([]
《 芒果大象国产》所有内容均来自互联网或网友上传，中外烹飪小说网只为原作者的小说进行宣传。欢迎各位书友支持并收藏《 芒果大象国产》最新章节。